Nail Disorders & Diseases Test (Ch10)

The surface of a healthy natural nail should be ___.

• smooth and spotted

• flexible and spotted

• smooth and unspotted

• pitted and rough

Clients with skin or nails that are infected, inflamed, or swollen should be referred to a(n) ___.

• technician

• physician

• stylist

• esthetician

Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate that are the result of a major illness or injury are known as ___.

• eggshell nails

• narrow lines

• beau's lines

• hangnails

What is a nail condition in which blood clots form under the nail plate due to a small injury of the nail plate?

• bruised nails

• blue nails

• abnormal nails

• bruised onychia

Which type of nail has a noticeably thin, white nail plate, and is more flexible than a normal nail?

• ingrown

• bitten

• leukonychia

• eggshell

When the eponychium or other living tissue surrounding the nail plate becomes split or torn, a ___ occurs.

• purogenic granuloma

• trumpet nail

• splinter hemorrhage

• hangnail

Which treatment should be suggested to an individual with a simple hangnail?

• removal of the damaged nail

• hot oil manicure

• removal of the entire cuticle, including living portions

• daily use of medicated socks

Redness, pain, and swelling are best described as signs of a(n) ___.

• cosmetic defect

• deformity

• infection

• abrasion

Minor damage to the matrix that produces a whitish discoloration or white spots on the nails is known as ___.

• leukonychia

• melanonychia

• a hangnail

• nail fungus

Leukonychia spots result from ___.

• injury to the nail matrix

• calcium deficiency

• zinc excess

• excess melanocytes