5.1: The Enlightenment

The Enlightenment emphasized ____ over tradition and ____ over community values.

• reason; individualism

• religion; inspiration

• philosophy; New World influences

• social science; independence

feeling of intense loyalty to others who share one's language and culture

• nationalism

• empiricism

• conservatism

• socialism

• deism

Thomas Hobbes

• people couldn't be trusted, they were nasty

• people had natural rights

• government should have separate branches

• argued for religious and civil liberty

John Locke

• people couldn't be trusted, they were nasty

• people had natural rights

• government should have separate branches

• argued for religious and civil liberty

Montesquieu

• people couldn't be trusted, they were nasty

• people had natural rights

• government should have separate branches

• argued for religious and civil liberty

Voltaire

• people couldn't be trusted, they were nasty

• people had natural rights

• government should have separate branches

• argued for religious and civil liberty

Reform movement to end slavery

• abolitionism

• classical liberalism

• utopian socialism

• feminism

Define "laissez-faire"

• the state should not impose higher prices on food
• the state should not impose government regulations but should leave the economy alone
• the state should not create new laws
• a blank mind

An agreement between people and the government to give up some rights for safety and protection

• Philosophers
• Democracy
• Social Contract
• Divine Right of Kings

Enlightenment thinkers and theories inspired

• A. the French Revolution
• B. the American Revolution
• C. other revolutions of the 1800s
• D. all of the above