16.3 & 16.4 Quiz Review

According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones best adapted for their environment. Their survival is due to the

• possession of adaptations developed through use.

• possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness.

• lack of competition within the species.

• choices made by plant and animal breeders.

Charles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment

• diversity.

• fitness.

• adaptation.

• evolution.

According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have

• characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse.

• characteristics that plant and animal breeders value.

• the greatest number of offspring.

• variations best suited to environmental conditions.

The hypothesis that all species are descended from common ancestors was proposed by

• James Hutton.

• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

• Thomas Malthus.

• Charles Darwin.

The number and location of bones of many fossil vertebrates are similar to those in living vertebrates. This is evidence in support of which of the following concepts?

• Lamarck’s tendency towards perfection

• common descent

• analogous structures

• the inheritance of acquired traits

Biogeography is the study of

• where species and their ancestors live.

• how extinct species can be related to living species.

• how different species can interbreed.

• how animals that live in the same area are closely related.

Charles Darwin viewed the fossil record as

• evidence that Earth was thousands of years old.

• useful support for his theory.

• interesting but unrelated to the evolution of modern species.

• evidence that traits are acquired through use or disuse.