Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System

Which of the following descriptions regarding the larynx is CORRECT?

• The most inferior cartilage in the larynx is the epiglottis.

• Unlike the other cartilages of the larynx, the epiglottis consists of hyaline cartilage.

• The larynx contains four unpaired cartilages.

• When the vestibular folds come together, they prevent air from leaving the lungs.

Given these respiratory passageways:

1. alveoli

2. bronchi

3. bronchioles

4. respiratory bronchioles

5. terminal bronchioles

From largest to smallest, the accurate order for these passageways is:

• 2, 4, 5, 3, 1

• 2, 4, 3, 5, 1

• 2, 3, 5, 4, 1

• 2, 3, 4, 5, 1

The right lung has ___ lobes and ___ bronchopulmonary segments.

• 2,9

• 2,10

• 3,9

• 3,10

The pleura that covers the surface of the lungs is the:

• Pleural Cavity

• Pleural Fluid

• Visceral Pleura

• Parietal Pleura

The muscles of inspiration include the diaphragm and internal intercostal muscles. The statement is:

• True

• False

• Partially true

• Partially false

During expiration, decreased thoracic volume results in increased pressure inside the alveoli, therefore, air moves out of the lungs. The statement is:

• True

• False

• Partially true

• Partially false

It is the volume of air inspired or expired with each breath. At rest, quiet breathing results in a volume of about 500 milliliters (mL).

• Tidal volume

• Inspiratory reserve volume

• Expiratory reserve volume

• Residual volume

Given these divisions of the pharynx: 1. laryngopharynx 2. nasopharynx 3. oropharynx From superior to inferior, the correct sequence for the divisions of the pharynx is:

• 1,2,3

• 1,3,2

• 2,3,1

• 2,1,3

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the paranasal sinuses?

• They increase the weight of the skull.

• They act as resonating chamber for voice production.

• They contribute to voice production.

• They protect the nasal cavity by producing mucus.

Prominent bony ridges on the lateral walls of the nasal cavity which increases the surface area of the nasal cavity are called:

• the choane

• the nasal septa

• the hard palate

• the conchae