The Early Cold War Review

When France, Britain, and the United States combined their German zones of occupation into one nation, the Soviets responded by...

• withdrawing from the United Nations

• cutting off access to West Berlin by blocking rail lines and roads

• writing a Declaration of Human Rights that decried the Western actions

• creating an alliance called the Warsaw Pact to oppose France, Britain, and the United States.

How did the U.S. and Britain get around the Berlin blockade?

• by transporting essential supplies to West Berlin using cargo planes

• by using North Atlantic Treaty Organization troops to break the blockade

• by having the United Nations declare economic sanctions on the Soviet Union

• by an agreement at Potsdam that allowed the Soviets to take reparations from all of Germany

What made the Marshall Plan necessary to U.S. leaders?

• need for American industries to sell surplus goods

• reluctance of the Soviet Union to allow free elections in Eastern Europe

• desire to implement an aid plan for Europe before the Soviets could

• danger that some European countries might become communist

What term is used to describe the increase in military capability that the United States and Soviet Union experienced after World War II?

• Cold War

• Arms Race

• Truman Doctrine

• Mutually Assured Destruction

According to what agreement would the United States have to declare war against any nation that attacked Great Britain?

• Warsaw Pact

• Marshall Plan

• Declaration of Human Rights

• North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Which quote describes the concerns Americans had about joining the North Atlantic Treaty Organization?

• The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants.

  --Thomas Jefferson

• From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.

  --Winston Churchill

• [L]et me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.

  --Franklin Delano Roosevelt

• Why quit our own to stand upon foreign ground? ... It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world ...

  --George Washington

What resulted from Britain's inability to provide financial support for Greece and Turkey?

• Greece and Turkey underwent political revolutions and became communist.

• An "iron curtain" fell over Greece and Turkey that separated them from the West.

• The United States offered financial support so those nations would not become communist.

• The Soviet Union offered financial support to encourage those nations to become communist.

What action was the main cause for Nazis to be charged and tried for at Nuremberg?

• Participation in the Holocaust

• Joining the Nazi Party

• Fighting against the Allies

• Surrendering to Soviet forces

Which sections shown in the map above merged together in 1948 to support democracy in Germany?

• Great Britain, USSR, France

• USSR, France, USA

• Great Britain, France, USA

• Great Britain, USSR, USA

What was the purpose of the Nuremberg Trials?

• To force Nazi leaders to answer for war crimes

• To decide if Truman had committed a crime by dropping atomic bombs

• To force the Soviet Union to pay war reparations

• To determine if dividing Germany into zones of occupation violated international law