Momentum and Impulse

Base your answer on the information below and on your knowledge of physics. A cannonball with a mass of 1.0 kilogram is fired horizontally from a 500-kilogram cannon, initially at rest, on a horizontal, frictionless surface. The cannonball is acted on by an average force of 8.0 x 10^3 newtons for 1.0 x 10-1 second. What is the magnitude of the change in momentum of the cannonball during firing?

 $J=\Delta p=F\Delta t$  

• 0 kg×m/s

• 8.0 x 10² kg×m/s

• 8.0 x 10^3 kg×m/s

• 8.0 x 10^4 kg×m/s

What is the speed of a 1.0 × 10³-kilogram car that has a momentum of 2.0 × 10⁴ kilogram • meters per second east?

• 5.0 ×10^–2 m/s

• 5.0 ×10^–2 m/s

• 1.0 × 10^4 m/s

• 2.0 × 10^7 m/s

In the diagram above, a 10-kilogram ball is fired with a velocity of 500 meters per second from a 1,000-kilogram cannon. What is the recoil velocity of the cannon?

 $m1v1=m2v2$  

• 5 m/s

• 2 m/s

• 10 m/s

• 500 m/s

A 25-kilogram mass travels east with a constant velocity of 40. meters per second. The momentum of this mass is

• 1.0 × 10³ kg-m/s east

• 9.8 × 10³ kg-m/s east

• 1.0 × 10³ kg-m/s west

• 9.8 × 10³ kg-m/s west

A rocket with a mass of 1,000 kilograms is moving at a speed of 20 meters per second. The magnitude of the momentum is

• 50 kg-m/s

• 200 kg-m/s

• 20,000 kg-m/s

• 400,000 kg-m/s

A golf club hits a stationary 0.050-kilogram golf ball with an average force of 5.0 × 10^3 newtons, accelerating the ball to a speed of 44 meters per second. What is the magnitude of the impulse imparted to the ball by the golf club?

• 2.2 N*s

• 880 N*s

• 1.1 x10^4 N*s

• 2.2x10^5 N*s

A 3.0-kilogram object is acted upon by an impulse having a magnitude of 15 newton•seconds. What is the magnitude of the object’s change in momentum due to this impulse?

 $J=\Delta p$  

• 5.0 kg*m/s

• 15.0 kg*m/s

• 3.0 kg*m/s

• 45 kg*m/s

A 75-kilogram hockey player is skating across the ice at a speed of 6.0 meters per second. What is the magnitude of the average force required to stop the player in 0.65 second?

• 120 N

• 290 N

• 690 N

• 920 N

A 0.149-kilogram baseball, initially moving at 15 meters per second, is brought to rest in 0.040 second by a baseball glove on a catcher's hand. The magnitude of the average force exerted on the ball by the glove is

 $F\Delta t=m\Delta v$  

• 2.2 N

• 2.9 N

• 17 N

• 56 N

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

A motorcycle being driven on a dirt path hits a rock. Its 60.-kilogram cyclist is projected over the handlebars at 20. meters per second into a haystack. If the cyclist is brought to rest in 0.50 second, the magnitude of the average force exerted on the cyclist by the haystack is

 $F\Delta t=m\Delta v$  

• 6.0 × 10^1 N

• 5.9 ×10^2 N

• 1.2 ×10^3 N

• 2.4 × 10³ N

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1