Physics Unit 3 - Newton's Laws of Motion

Newton’s First Law states:

• Whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object also exerts a force on the first object, equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

• An object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

• The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

Newton’s Second Law states:

• Whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object also exerts a force on the first object, equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

• An object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

• The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

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Newton’s Third Law states:

• Whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object also exerts a force on the first object, equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

• An object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

• The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

For a rocket to launch off of the ground, a net force is required to cause the necessary __________.

• velocity

• force

• acceleration

• mass

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What is the magnitude of the force of gravity on an object with a mass of 42.8 kg. (your answer must include correct significant figures and units)

(a)  

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The Apollo lunar module weighed 38,480 N while sitting on Earth. What did it weigh sitting on the moon? The acceleration due to gravity on the moon is 1.635 m/s^2. (your answer must include correct significant figures and units)

(a)  

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A crate with that weighs 446.85 N is resting on a horizontal surface with a static coefficient of friction of 0.224. What is the minimum force that would need to be applied to the side of the crate to overcome the static friction and make it slide?  (your answer must include correct significant figures and units)

(a)  

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A force of 800 N gives a 60.0 kg sled an acceleration of 10.0 m/s^2 to the right. The force of kinetic friction acting on the sled is _________.

• 200 N to the right

• 480 N to the right

• 200 N to the left

• 480 N to the left

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The tendency of an object to resist any change to its motion is called _______.

• force

• mass

• potential energy

• inertia

A force is a push or pull on an object that causes the ________ of the object to change.

• gravity

• inertia

• velocity

• mass

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