Recount text

In April 1955, representatives from twenty-nine governments of Asian and African nations gathered in Bandung. Indonesia to discuss peace and the roles of the third World in the Cold War, economic development and decolonization.

The core principles of Bandung Conference were political self determination, mutual respect for sovereignty, non aggression, non- interference in internal affairs and equality. The issue were of central importance to all participants in the conference, most of which had recently emerged from colonial rule. The governments of Myanmar (Burma), India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Srilangka co-sponsored the Bandung Conference and they brought together additional twenty-four nations from Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Since the decolonization process was still onging, the delegates at the conference took it upon themselves to speak for the other colonized people (especially in Africa Principles of peaceful coexistence, worked out in negotiation between India and China In 1954, as they sought to build solidarity among recently independent nations.

At the close of the Bandung conference attendees signed a communiqué that included a range of concrete objectives . These goals included the promotion of economic and cultural cooperation, protection of human rights and the principles of self- determination, a call for an end to racial discrimination wherever it occurred and a reiteration of the importance of peaceful coexistence. The leaders hoped to focus on the potential for collaboration among the nations of the third world, promoting efforts to reduce their reliance on Europe and North America.

What is the best title for the text ?

• The Tragedy of Bandung Lautan Api

• Non-Asian-African Conference

• Non-Aligned Countries Summit

• The First Asian Conference

• The Bandung Conference

In April 1955, representatives from twenty-nine governments of Asian and African nations gathered in Bandung. Indonesia to discuss peace and the roles of the third World in the Cold War, economic development and decolonization.

The core principles of Bandung Conference were political self determination, mutual respect for sovereignty, non aggression, non- interference in internal affairs and equality. The issue were of central importance to all participants in the conference, most of which had recently emerged from colonial rule. The governments of Myanmar (Burma), India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Srilangka co-sponsored the Bandung Conference and they brought together additional twenty-four nations from Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Since the decolonization process was still onging, the delegates at the conference took it upon themselves to speak for the other colonized people (especially in Africa Principles of peaceful coexistence, worked out in negotiation between India and China In 1954, as they sought to build solidarity among recently independent nations.

At the close of the Bandung conference attendees signed a communiqué that included a range of concrete objectives . These goals included the promotion of economic and cultural cooperation, protection of human rights and the principles of self- determination, a call for an end to racial discrimination wherever it occurred and a reiteration of the importance of peaceful coexistence. The leaders hoped to focus on the potential for collaboration among the nations of the third world, promoting efforts to reduce their reliance on Europe and North America.

What were the aims of the conference of those governments of Asian and African nations ?

• To end the cold war and bring peace to the world

• To maintain the roles of the Asian-African countries independence

• To encourage colonized countries to gain their independence

• To promote economic and politics cooperation among Asian-African countries

• To discuss peace and the roles of the third World in the Cold War, economic development and decolonization

In April 1955, representatives from twenty-nine governments of Asian and African nations gathered in Bandung. Indonesia to discuss peace and the roles of the third World in the Cold War, economic development and decolonization.

The core principles of Bandung Conference were political self determination, mutual respect for sovereignty, non aggression, non- interference in internal affairs and equality. The issue were of central importance to all participants in the conference, most of which had recently emerged from colonial rule. The governments of Myanmar (Burma), India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Srilangka co-sponsored the Bandung Conference and they brought together additional twenty-four nations from Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Since the decolonization process was still onging, the delegates at the conference took it upon themselves to speak for the other colonized people (especially in Africa Principles of peaceful coexistence, worked out in negotiation between India and China In 1954, as they sought to build solidarity among recently independent nations.

At the close of the Bandung conference attendees signed a communiqué that included a range of concrete objectives . These goals included the promotion of economic and cultural cooperation, protection of human rights and the principles of self- determination, a call for an end to racial discrimination wherever it occurred and a reiteration of the importance of peaceful coexistence. The leaders hoped to focus on the potential for collaboration among the nations of the third world, promoting efforts to reduce their reliance on Europe and North America.

How many countries initiated the conference ?

• Four

• Five

• Six

• Twenty four

• Twenty nine

Linggadjati agreement, also called Cheribonagreement, was treaty between the Dutch and the Republic of Indonesia drafted on November 15,1946,at Lingggadjati(now lingggajati) western Java. The agreement was signed in Batavia ( now Jakarta)on March 25,1947.

After the capitulation of the Japanese in World War II, the independence of the Republic of Indonesia was declared by the Indonesian nationalists on August 17,1945.The Dutch attempted to restore their rule in Indonesia and came into conflict with the republican government whose still confined to Java and Sumatra. Upon the departure of the Allied troops, the Dutch and the republic began negotiations, which led to the Lingggadjati Agreement

The main content of the agreement was that the Netherlands recognized the republic as the de facto authority in Java (including Madura)and Sumatra. Both governments were to cooperate in the formation of a sovereign, democratic and federal United States of Indonesia, comprising the entire territories of the Dutch East Indies, including the Republic of Indonesia, Kalimantan ( Borneo) and the GreatEast. Both governments were to cooperate in establishing a Netherlands-Indonesian Union with the Dutch queen as its head. Both the United States of Indonesia and the Netherlands-Indonesian Union were to be formed not later than January 1,1949.The two governments agreed to settle by arbitration any dispute that might arise and that they could not settle by themselves. The agreement was intended to lay down broad principles, leaving the details to be worked our later.

Each party interpreted the agreement to suit its interest. Open conflict eventually developed between the Dutch and Indonesian governments.

When should the United States of Indonesia and the Netherlands-Indonesian Union be formed ?

• On August 17,1945

• On November 15,1946

• On March 25,1947

• Before January 1,1949

• On January 1,1949

Linggadjati agreement, also called Cheribonagreement, was treaty between the Dutch and the Republic of Indonesia drafted on November 15,1946,at Lingggadjati(now lingggajati) western Java. The agreement was signed in Batavia ( now Jakarta)on March 25,1947.

After the capitulation of the Japanese in World War II, the independence of the Republic of Indonesia was declared by the Indonesian nationalists on August 17,1945.The Dutch attempted to restore their rule in Indonesia and came into conflict with the republican government whose still confined to Java and Sumatra. Upon the departure of the Allied troops, the Dutch and the republic began negotiations, which led to the Lingggadjati Agreement

The main content of the agreement was that the Netherlands recognized the republic as the de facto authority in Java (including Madura)and Sumatra. Both governments were to cooperate in the formation of a sovereign, democratic and federal United States of Indonesia, comprising the entire territories of the Dutch East Indies, including the Republic of Indonesia, Kalimantan ( Borneo) and the GreatEast. Both governments were to cooperate in establishing a Netherlands-Indonesian Union with the Dutch queen as its head. Both the United States of Indonesia and the Netherlands-Indonesian Union were to be formed not later than January 1,1949.The two governments agreed to settle by arbitration any dispute that might arise and that they could not settle by themselves. The agreement was intended to lay down broad principles, leaving the details to be worked our later.

Each party interpreted the agreement to suit its interest. Open conflict eventually developed between the Dutch and Indonesian governments.

What is the main idea of paragraph 2 ?

• The results of the agreement

• The effects of the agreement

• The reasons of the agreement

• The main content of the agreement

• The place and time of the agreement signed

Linggadjati agreement, also called Cheribonagreement, was treaty between the Dutch and the Republic of Indonesia drafted on November 15,1946,at Lingggadjati(now lingggajati) western Java. The agreement was signed in Batavia ( now Jakarta)on March 25,1947.

After the capitulation of the Japanese in World War II, the independence of the Republic of Indonesia was declared by the Indonesian nationalists on August 17,1945.The Dutch attempted to restore their rule in Indonesia and came into conflict with the republican government whose still confined to Java and Sumatra. Upon the departure of the Allied troops, the Dutch and the republic began negotiations, which led to the Lingggadjati Agreement

The main content of the agreement was that the Netherlands recognized the republic as the de facto authority in Java (including Madura)and Sumatra. Both governments were to cooperate in the formation of a sovereign, democratic and federal United States of Indonesia, comprising the entire territories of the Dutch East Indies, including the Republic of Indonesia, Kalimantan ( Borneo) and the GreatEast. Both governments were to cooperate in establishing a Netherlands-Indonesian Union with the Dutch queen as its head. Both the United States of Indonesia and the Netherlands-Indonesian Union were to be formed not later than January 1,1949.The two governments agreed to settle by arbitration any dispute that might arise and that they could not settle by themselves. The agreement was intended to lay down broad principles, leaving the details to be worked our later.

Each party interpreted the agreement to suit its interest. Open conflict eventually developed between the Dutch and Indonesian governments.

Which of the following statements is true ?

• The Linggadjati agreement was brokered by the Dutch

• The Linggadjati agreement was led by the Dutch queen

• The Linggadjati agreement was failed in implementation

• The Linggadjati agreement was held before Independence Day

• The Linggadjati agreement was drafted and signed in same year

Our heroes and heroines ... their live and assets for our independence.

• sacrificed

• caried

• set

• taught

• made

The Republic of Indonesia was born on August 1945, ... by Soekarno-Hatta on behalf of Indonesia's people

• assumed

• constructed

• bought

• signed

• presumed

Indonesians' struggle against ... did not end with the declaration of independence in 1945

• parliament

• colonialism

• constitution

• sovereignty

• declaration

On August 6, 1945 an atomic bomb was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima by the United States. It demoralized the spirit of the Japanese army in the world. The following day, The Committee for Indonesian Independence confirmed the wish to achieve the Independence of Indonesia. On August 9, 1945, the second atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, causing the Japanese surrendered to the United States and its allies.

On 14 August 1945, Japan formally surrendered to the Allies on board the USS Missouri. hearing this,a young group urged elderly to immediately proclaim the independence of Indonesia. However, the elderly did not want group did want to rush. Some consultation was conducted in days of meeting. They then prepared the text of the proclamation of Indonesian Independence.

The next morning ,on 17 August 1945, Soekarno read the text of the proclamation of Indonesia independence. Then the flag of Indonesia was raised-followed by a speech by Soewirijo, deputy mayor of Jakarta. It was the mark of the The next morning ,on 17 August 1945, Soekarno read the text of the proclamation of Indonesia independence. Then the flag of Indonesia was raised-followed by a speech by soewirijo, deputy mayor of Jakarta. It was the mark of the independence of a country

What is the text about?

• The events which happened before the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence

• The events which happened after the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence

• The events which happened when Soekarno was declaring Indonesian Independence

• The events which happened when Soekarno was meeting with the committee of Indonesian Independence

• The events which happened when a young group was urging Soekarno to state the Indonesian Independence