AP Statistics - Unit 1 - Collecting Data 2025

_________ is a sample in which each individual or object in the entire population has an equal chance of being selected.

• Sample
• Population
• Random Sample
• Quartile

Tags

CCSS.7.SP.A.1

Kim surveys 100 moviegoers that entered the movie theater in the first hour.  What type of sampling method is this?

• Random
• Convenience
• Biased

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

a controlled study in which the researcher attempts to understand cause-and-effect relationships by assigning subjects to groups and deciding which treatments each group receives

• survey

• observational study

• experiment

A large company wants to conduct a survey to determine the proportion of its male employees who practice yoga on a daily basis. Two of its regional offices are chosen at random and all of the male employees at each office are surveyed. The plan is an example of which type of sampling?

• Cluster

• Convenience

• Simple random

• Stratified random

• Systematic

Which of the following is a key distinction between well designed experiments and observational studies?

• More subjects are available for experiments than for observational studies.

• Ethical constraints prevent large-scale observational studies.

• Experiments are less costly to conduct than observational studies.

• An experiment can show a direct cause-and-effect relationship, whereas an observational study cannot.

• Tests of significance cannot be used on data collected from an observational study.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

A local TV station is interested in how citizens in a small town feel about the increased sales tax proposed by the city council. The question "Are you in favor of the proposed sales tax increase that will be used to improve the sidewalks and streets in downtown?" was shown on the screen during the evening news broadcast and viewers were instructed to text their answer to the number given on the screen. This survey method could produce biased results for all of the following reasons except:

• The wording of the question is biased.

• A person could answer the survey multiple times.

• It uses a stratified sample rather than a simple random sample.

• the survey excludes voters who do not watch the evening news cast.

• People who feel strongly about the issue are more likely to respond.

In a certain school, students can choose whether to eat in the school’s cafeteria. A reporter working for the school’s newspaper polled students on their reactions to changes in the menu at the cafeteria. For each student leaving the cafeteria in one 20-minute time period, the reporter used a die to determine whether to stop the student and ask how he or she felt about the new menu. In the reporter’s article it was stated that a random sample of the students showed that 23% of the school’s student population was happy with the new menu. Which of the following statements is true?

• Because each student leaving the cafeteria was randomly selected and could choose to answer or not, this is a random sample of the student population, and the 23% is an accurate measurement of the school population’s view of the new menu.

• Because students self-selected whether to eat in the cafeteria, the sampling method might be biased and the sample might not be representative of all students in the school.

• The survey would have been more effective if the reporter had collected the data in one 10-minute time period rather than in one 20-minute time period.

• The survey would have been more effective if students who cared about the food could have called the reporter to tell how they felt about the new menu, so that only students with opinions on the subject would have been surveyed.

• Because no treatment was imposed on the students eating in the cafeteria, one cannot make any conclusions about the new menu.

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.A.1

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.4

To check the effect of hot temperatures on the elasticity of two brands of rubber bands, one box of Brand A and one box of Brand B rubber bands are tested. Ten bands from the Brand A box are placed in a warm car in the sun for two hours and ten bands from the Brand B box are kept at room temperature. The amount of stretch before the breakage is measured on each rubber band, and the mean for the hot bands is compared to the mean for the others. Is this a good experimental design?

• No, because the means are not proper statistics for comparison.

• No, because more than two brands should be used.

• No, because more temperatures should be used.

• No, because temperature is confounded with brand.

• Yes

• a

• b

• c

• d

• e

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.A.1

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.4

• by blocking on car type

• by blocking on oil type

• by blocking on engine life

• by blocking on engine size

• without blocking

Tags

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.3

CCSS.HSS.IC.B.5

CCSS.HSS.ID.C.9