Biology EOC Review-Part I

During strenuous exercise, body temperature increases. The body responds to the increase in temperature by sweating, which helps to reduce the body temperature. Which is demonstrated in this situation?

• excretion

• metabolism

• homeostasis

• synthesis

Salivary amylase is an enzyme in humans that breaks down starches. What substance would humans have difficulty digesting without this enzyme?

• lipids

• nucleic acids

• proteins

• carbohydrates

Which best explains why the rate of biochemical reaction decreases at high temperatures?

• The activation energy increases

• The shape of the enzyme changes

• The enzyme-substrate complex forms

• The bonds between substrates are broken

What do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain?

• membrane bound organelles

• linear chromosomes

• cytoplasm

• a nucleus

Name the photosynthesizing organelle of the plant cell.

• G
• B
• J
• C

What will most likely be the result if all of the mitochondria are removed from a plant cell?

• It will be unable to carry out respiration

• It will lose water through osmosis

• It will break down the ribosomes in the cell

• It will be unable to photosynthesize.

What process best explains how a nerve cell and a muscle cell can both develop from the same fertilized egg?

• differentiation

• natural selection

• selective breeding

• genetic engineering

What type of organism molecules are enzymes?

• carbohydrates

• lipids

• nucleic acids

• proteins

What are the subunits of DNA and their function?

• nucleotides that store information

• monosaccharides that provide quick energy for the cell

• lipids that store energy and provide insulation

• proteins that provide the building blocks for the structural components of organisms.

This diagram shows a plant cell. Which structure is found in a plant cell but is absent in an animal cell?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4