Hydrosphere Unit Exam Review #1

Where does most fresh water exist?

• ice caps, lakes, and streams

• glaciers, rivers, and oceans

• aquifers, ice caps, and glaciers

A family living in a house needs to dig a new well before they will have usable water. Several options for the well location are shown in the diagram. Which location would be the best choice for the new well?

• Q

• R

• S

• T

Which would most likely cause a sudden increase of nitrates in a waterway?

• spill from an oil tanker

• runoff from a boat yard

• runoff from a golf course

The figure shows the zones of the ocean. Coral reefs require sunlight because reef-building coral contain photosynthetic algae in their tissues. The reefs must sit on the ocean floor for support and must remain underwater to survive. In which ocean zone does a reef most likely thrive?

• oceanic zone

• benthic zone

• neritic zone

• intertidal zone

Which best explains why there is a greater concentration of oxygen located near the ocean’s surface?

• Sunlight warms the ocean’s temperature and stimulates oxygen production near the surface

• Plankton produces excess amounts of nutrients that remove oxygen levels from the atmosphere

• Marine life gives off oxygen instead of carbon dioxide, which makes the ocean water rich in oxygen

• Plants, which release oxygen, live near the surface of the ocean, where they receive large amounts of sunlight

Which are the most abundant dissolved gases in ocean water?

• nitrogen and carbon dioxide

• oxygen and carbon dioxide

• oxygen and methane

• nitrogen and sulfide

Which would most likely result in an unhealthy aquatic habitat?

• a decrease in turbidity

• a decrease in nitrates levels

• an increase in water temperature

• an increase in dissolved oxygen levels

Which would most negatively impact local water availability?

• floods

• droughts

• hurricanes

What is the movement of cold, nutrient-rich waters from the bottom of the ocean, promoting algae growth?

• upwelling

• deposition

• precipitation

• eutrophication

Which percentage represents the amount of freshwater on Earth?

• 3%

• 23%

• 71%