Which change occurs to the urinary system with aging?

• a) In men, the prostate gland shrinks.

• b) The ability to concentrate urine increases.

• c) Bladder capacity decreases.

• d) Secretion of renin and aldosterone increases.

Encouraging patients to empty their bladders soon after feeling the urge rather than delaying emptying prevents:

• a) shrinking of the bladder wall.

• b) cancer of the bladder and incontinence.

• c) blood in the urine.

• d) diabetes insipidus.

Which laboratory test result is indicative of decreased kidney function?

• a) 24-h urine creatinine clearance of 17 mg/kg body weight

• b) Serum blood urea nitrogen of 24 mg/dL and creatinine of 2.1 mg/dL

  
  

• c) Urine uric acid of 275 mg/24 h

• d) Urine pH of 4.7

Nursing care for the patient before receiving an intravenous pyelogram (IVP) includes:

• a) assessing for any allergies to iodine.

• b) restricting meats, tea, and coffee from the patient’s diet 6 h before the IVP

• c) insertion of a Foley catheter.

• d) encouraging fluid intake to fill the bladder.

A renal ultrasound examination can detect:

• a) the presence of cysts, tumors, or renal calculi.

• b) perfusion and function of the kidneys.

• c) bladder capacity, pressures, and sensation.

• d) the size, shape, and location of structures of the urinary system.

If a patient has dark amber to orange-colored urine, the nurse would expect that this patient may have:

• a) dehydration.

• b) diabetes insipidus.

• c) Pseudomonas infection.

• d) Addison disease

Urine output from an adult should be a minimum of:

• a) 10 mL/h.

• b) 30 mL/h.

• c) 50 mL/h.

• d) 70 mL/h.

Teaching for a patient taking an antispasmodic or antimuscarinic medication for spasms of the bladder, overactive bladder, or urinary incontinence should include which statement?

• a) “This medication may take up to 6 months for symptom relief.”

• b) “Be sure to rise slowly from a lying to standing position.”

• c) “Immediately report a prolonged erection.”

• d) “You may need to use hard candy or ice chips for dry mouth.”

If a patient is experiencing urinary incontinence, the nurse should advise the patient to avoid what?

• a) Beverages containing caffeine

• b) Juices

• c) Beverages containing sugar

• d) Dairy products

What is considered a normal amount of residual urine?

• a) 100 mL or less

• b) 250 mL or less

• c) 350 mL or less

• d) 400 mL or less