Natural Selection and Selective Breeding

What happens to an animal’s heart rate when it hibernates?

• It stops

• It speeds up

• It slows down

• It stays the same

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NGSS.MS-LS1-4

Which trait most suggests that the mammoth was adapted to live in a cold climate?

• its thick, furry coat

• its long, flexible trunk

• Its sharp, curved tusks

• Its broad, powerful body

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

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This is a beet plant. Beets are called root vegetables because people can eat the root of the beet plant. But before they can be eaten, beets need to grow strong and healthy in the soil. What role in improving the survival of the plant does the root of the beet plant likely have?

• It absorbs sunlight

• It stores energy

• It is involved in photosynthesis

• It stores water

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

The monarch butterfly can be found in a wide range of areas across Canada and the northern United States during the spring and summer. Monarch butterflies cannot survive the cold temperatures that occur during the winter in these areas.

In order to survive the winter, monarch butterflies-

• live underwater during the winter

• burrow into the ground

• grow fur to keep them warm

• migrate to warmer areas

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Why do birds have different beaks?

• they migrate different places

• the beaks help with hibernation

• they eat different things

• no one knows

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Rabbits with a mutation for longer, thicker fur survive an unusually cold winter, while many normal rabbits do not survive. This is an example of-

• Selective Breeding

• Natural Selection

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

To produce a more desirable fruit, a farmer crosses a tree that produces sweet oranges with a tree that produces large oranges. Is an example of-

• Natural Selection

• Selective Breeding

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NGSS.MS-LS4-5

Which of the following is true about natural selection?

• Natural selection usually causes a species to change slowly.

• Natural selection does not cause a species to change

• Natural selection usually causes a species to change suddenly.

• Natural selection is the only cause of changes in a species

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Peppered moths use the adaptation of camouflage as protection from predators. They may have a variety of colors or shades, but before the Industrial Revolution, they were typically white with black speckles. The Industrial Revolution in the 1880s introduced large-scale pollution into the environment. The pollution resulted in widespread, dark-colored staining of buildings and trees.

Which of the following was the most likely effect of the Industrial Revolution on peppered moths in cities?

• The population of light-colored moths decreased and the population of dark-colored moths increased.

• The peppered moths adapted an improved sense of sight and smell.

• Over time, the white, speckled moths were outnumbered by plain white moths.

• The peppered moths developed a tolerance to smog and chemical waste.

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Some organisms have favorable traits that are well-suited to their environments. Organisms with this advantage are more likely to thrive, reproduce, and pass their traits to future generations than organisms without favorable traits. This process is known as:

• genetic engineering

• artificial selection

• selective breeding

• natural selection

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4