Chapter 2; Lesson 3: The Dawn of the Age of Exploration

Why did European countries at this time want to find the Northwest Passage?

• Establish colonies in the North America.

• Create trade networks with the Native peoples of North America.

• Navigate a route that connected between the Atlantic Ocean and the East Indies.

• Build fishing villages throughout the river systems in North America.

Throughout the 1500s and 1600s, which of the following reason(s) encouraged further exploration to the Americas?

• Competition between European nations to develop new enterprises.

• The gateway to the East Indies was under fierce control by China's dynasty preventing trade.

• Trade between European merchants and Native peoples of the Americas.

• Feuds between Europe's two leading powers, Spain and England.

Most of European exploration between the 1500s and 1600s was focused on which location(s)

• Pacific coastline of North America.

• Eastern coastline of North America.

• Gulf of Mexico and Southeastern shores of North America.

• Eastern and Western coastlines of South America.

What was the main obstacle that prevented European countries from locating the Northwest Passage?

• The Spanish had created a blockade with their Armada preventing European exploration in North America.

• Sailors did not have the navigational technology to discover it.

• It was a fictional tale that sailors told to hide the true way to the East Indies.

• It was covered in ice sheets all year round blocking any possible passage.

This Italian explorer sailed under the flag of England in 1497 in hopes to seek trade and the Northwest Passage. For his efforts, he is credited for establishing all future British explorations to North America and for locating large scale fishing resources off the coast of Newfoundland.

• Giovanni da Verrazzano

• Henry Hudson

• John Cabot

• Leif Erickson

After John Cabot identified vast fishing resources off the coastal waters of Canada, this country established a large fishing village on what is now known as Newfoundland.

• Netherlands

• England

• France

• Portugal

This Italian explorer sailed under the French flag and was credited for being the first to enter New York Harbor, the mouth of the Hudson River, and discover a special wood dye used in textiles from Brazil.

• Henry Hudson

• Giovanni da Verrazzano

• John Cabot

• Francisco Pizarro

This explorer sailed under both the Dutch and British flags in search of the Northwest Passage and claimed very significant land for the Dutch that we know call New York City, but ultimately met his demise when his crew mutinied against him when their ship was was encased in ice.

• Samuel de Champlain

• Etienne Brule

• Henry Hudson

• John Cabot

The Dutch were able to establish New Netherland in North America in 1623 due to land claimed by which explorer back in 1609.

• Henry Hudson

• John Cabot

• James, the Duke of York

• Giovanni da Verrazzano

Why was New Netherlands unique compared to all other lands claimed by European countries at this time?

• All profits and land claims directly went back to the ruler of the Netherlands.

• The land was established and governed by the Dutch West India Company.

• They did not partake in the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade.

• The Dutch and native peoples had tremendously good relations compared to other European nations.