Unit 5 Test Cognition: Thinking and Language

An idea that represents a class, category, object, event, or activity is

• Prototype

• Concept

• Logarithm

• Heuristic

Which method of problem solving is fast but not too accurate

• Algorithim

• Trial and error

• Schema

• Heuristic

If someone fails to think about using an object outside its intended use is called

• Functional fixedness

• Mental Set

• Confirmation Bias

• Creativity

The smallest unit of meaning in language

• Syntax

• Diphones

• Morphemes

• Phonemes

Experts in a given field prefer heuristics to algorithms because heuristics:

• Guarantee solutions to problems
• Prevent mental sets
• Often save time
• Prevent fixation

A problem solving strategy that often includes a formula and guarantees an answer to the problem is a(n)

• subgoal
• prototype
• Algorithm
• Heurisitc

Complete the following analogy: rose is to flower as ____________ is to ____________.

• Concept is to prototype
• Prototype is to concept
• Concept is to hierarchy
• Hierarchy is to concept

Which of the following is an example of the use of heuristics?

• Trying every possible combination of letters when unscrambling a word
• Considering each possible move when playing chess
• Using the formula “area=length x width” to find the area of a rectangle
• Playing chess using a defensive strategy that has often been successful for you

The utterance “likes dog my swim to” does not sound correct because it violates the rules of

• lexicon

• prosody

• syntax

• fast mapping

• morphemes

When Joe arrives at the library, he can choose from any of several strategies that might help him find the book he needs. He could examine all the books on every shelf, and be certain that he would eventually find the book he wants, but this strategy would take too long. Joe decides instead to ask a librarian to direct him to the appropriate section of the library. Joe is using

• fixation

• a mental set

• a prototype

• a heuristic

• an algorithm