Climate and factors that affect it

How is climate different than weather?

• Weather describes the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at any given moment. Weather conditions change hourly and daily. Climate describes the average weather conditions of a region over many years.

• Climate describes the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at any given moment. Climate conditions change hourly and daily. Weather describes the average weather conditions of a region over many years.

• Warm and cool currents flow along the surfaces of oceans. These currents can warm or cool the air directly above them. This warm or cool air mass affects nearby land.

• Many factors affect the climate of a region. These include latitude, altitude, whether the region is near an ocean or in the middle of a continent, surface features in the region (such as mountain ranges), and wind patterns in the atmosphere.

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How do the oceans affect climate?

• Warm and cool currents flow under the surfaces of oceans. These currents can warm or cool the water directly below them. This warm or cool current affects nearby land.

• Weather describes the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at any given moment. Weather conditions change hourly and daily. Climate describes the average weather conditions of a region over many years.

• Many factors affect the climate of a region. These include latitude, altitude, whether the region is near an ocean or in the middle of a continent, surface features in the region (such as mountain ranges), and wind patterns in the atmosphere.

• Warm and cool currents flow along the surfaces of oceans. These currents can warm or cool the air directly above them. This warm or cool air mass affects nearby land.

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Which factors affect the climate of a region? Mark all that apply.

• latitude

• altitude

• proximity to an ocean

• surface features such as mountain ranges

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The ocean contributes to the world's climate by _______.

• absorbing nitrogen

• storing heat

• storing salt

• releasing carbon dioxide

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The windward and leeward sides of a mountain tend to have:

• the same climate.

• different amounts of rainfall.

• different wind directions.

• different seasons.

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The Gulf Stream is an ocean current that travels from the southern tip of Florida along the eastern coast of the United States. Because of the Gulf Stream, the states along the coast have _________ than states that are father inland.

• warmer air temperatures

• fewer storms

• lower humidity

• weaker winds

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Generally, the higher the latitude, the ________ the climate is.

• warmer

• colder

• more humid

• less windy

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The climate of inland areas differs from that of coastal areas in that inland areas:

• are always colder than coastal areas.

• are always hotter than coastal areas.

• tend to have hotter summers and colder winters than coastal areas.

• tend to have milder temperatures than coastal areas

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What is the main energy source for the world's major ocean surface currents?

• the sun

• heat from inside the Earth

• the moon's gravity

• the movement of the Earth through space

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Which two factors determine a region's climate?

• average temperature and population

• average temperature and precipitation

• average wind speed and temperature

• average pollution level and precipitation

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