The Late Middle Ages

Why did Pope Gregory VII excommunicate Emperor Henry IV? What did this prove?

• They fought over who could elect missionaries. This proved they shared equal power.

• They fought over who could elect bishops. This proved the Pope had more power.

• They fought over who could elect nobles. This proved the King had more power.

Why did Christians in the Middle Ages fear excommunication?

• They feared they would be banished from the church and that they wouldn't go to heaven if they died.

• They feared they would be killed and tortured by the Inquisition.

• They feared the King would charge them taxes and force them off of their manors.

Why did Pope Urban II call on all Christians to fight a war against the Muslims?

• He wanted to convince the Orthodox church to rejoin the Catholic Church

• He wanted to convert all Muslims to Christianity

• He wanted to retake the holy land and prevent Islam from spreading even more

Why did the Crusades fail?

• The crusaders had to travel long distances, fight in a desert climate in the Holy Land, and the Muslim army was better organized.

• The crusaders only wanted land and treasure and abandoned the Christian armies in the Holy Land.

• The crusaders were only peasants who did not know how to fight.

What positive impact did the Crusades have on Europe?

• Europeans converted to Islam and rejected the Christian Church as well as the Pope.

• Trade increased between Europe and Asia and new products were introduced in Europe as a result.

• The crusades caused the relationship between the Byzantine Empire and Europe to become strained.

Why did the nobles create the Magna Carta?

• To help them become more wealthy than everyone, including the king

• To force the king to pay taxes just like everyone else in Europe.

• To limit the power of the king and make sure he was following the laws.

What was Parliament? What did it do?

• Parliament was a group of nobles who were meant to balance the king's power.

• Parliament was a group of peasants who were against the Magna Carta.

• Parliament was the king's lawyers who supported him in getting rid of the Magna Carta.

How did the Black Death spread to Europe?

• The Black Death spread to Europe through poisoned water.

• The Black Death spread to Europe through toxic air.

• The Black Death spread to Europe through trade with Asia.

How did the plague impact feudalism?

• All of the kings of Europe died, leaving the nobles in charge of the kingdoms.

• The peasants who survived could now charge for their labor and skills.

• Feudalism was not impacted by the plague.

What is a heretic?

• Somebody who is sick from the plague

• Somebody who goes and fights in crusades

• Somebody who goes against church teachings