Genetics Vocabulary Quiz

Nucleus

• Organelle that holds the genetic information

• Controls and directs all cell activities

• Both of these

DNA

• Genetic information

• Nucleic Acid

• Instructions to make Proteins

• All of these

DNA Replication

• When DNA makes an exact copy of itself

• When a cell makes a copy of itself

• When scientists make a copy of DNA in a lab

Nitrogen bases

• A.K.A. Nucleotides

• Building blocks of DNA & RNA

• Form the "rungs" of the ladder in DNA

• All of these

Amino Acids

• Building blocks of proteins

• Building blocks of nucleic acids

• Building blocks of carbohydrates

Mutation

• A change in a DNA sequence

• Something abnormal in the DNA sequence

• Something toxic about the DNA sequence

Gel Electrophoresis

• Sorts DNA by size using electricity

• Sorts DNA by bases using electricity

• Sorts DNA by size using restriction chemicals

Genetic Engineering

• When DNA from one organism is inserted into the DNA of a different organism

• Designing new genes in a lab

• Creating new species by building brand new DNA strands

Artificial Selection

• When humans decide which organisms reproduce in order to get offspring with specific traits (like breeding purebred dogs)

• When a robot chooses who sexually reproduces

• When a robot decides who is most likely to survive

Gene

• A section of DNA that codes for a particular protein

• A section of DNA that codes for a particular trait or characteristic

• Both of these