Heart failure practice quiz

What are the signs and symptoms of volume overload in patients with acute heart failure? SATA

• Tachycardia

• Orthopnea

• Peripheral edema

• Distended jugular vein

• S3 gallop

Answer explanation

Review Dr. Pearson's slide p. 17

Which of the following is a sign and symptom of low perfusion caused by acute heart failure? SATA

• Cool extremities

• Hypotension

• Tachycardia

• Weight gain

A patient who presents with symptoms of volume overload but good perfusion is in which subset?

• Warm and dry- Florrester class I

• Warm and wet - Forrester class II

• Cold and dry - Forrester Class III

• Cold and wet - Forrester class IV

Patients in the Forestter class I (warm and dry) should be placed on:

• ACEI/ARB/ARNI

• BB

• Diruetic

• CCB

Patients in the Forestter class II (warm and wet) should be placed on (1st line):

• Thiazide diuretics

• BB

• IV loop diuretics

• ACEI

• Inotropes

What are the recommendations to overcome diuretic resistance? SATA

• Hypertonic saline infusion with loop

• Ultrafiltration

• Continuous infusion or bolus dose of loop diuretics

• Sequential blockade

Answer explanation

Also study what is NOT recommended!

slide 43

For patients in the Forestter subset III (cold and dry), what do you recommend? SATA

• Diuretics

• IV fluids

• Inotropes

• Beta blockers

Answer explanation

How will patients in this class present? Lack of volume overload and hypoperfusion: can you verbally describe the clinical picture and some examples of findings you will see?

Which of the following is the inotrope of choice in patients with acute decompensated heart failure?

• Beta blocker

• Dopamine

• Epinephrine

• Dobutamine

• Mirinlone

Who cannot receive Dobutamine? Patients with: __________SATA

• Ventricular arrhythmias

• Sulfite allergies

• Without central line

• Renal failure

What treatment is recommended for patients who are in the Forestter class IV (cold and wet)? SATA

• Fluid

• IV loop diuretics

• Inotropes

• IV vasodilators