Chapter 22 The Chemistry of Life

Which of these is NOT a protein?

• hemoglobin

• insulin

• lysine

• collagen

Which of these two groups provide the bonding sites when the two amino acids shown above combine?

• A Carboxyl and hydrogen

• B Aldehyde and amino

• C Ketone and amino

• D Amino and carboxyl

Which of these is required for cellular respiration to occur?

• glucose

• DNA

• triglyceride

• water

When we exercise strenuously, we sometimes feel pain in our muscles because our muscles cells produce _________.

• carbon monoxide

• lactic acid

• ethanol

• energy

How does anabolism help us to survive?

• It helps produce ATP.

• It helps us break down complex biological molecules such as proteins

• It helps to synthesize complex proteins from amino acids.

• It helps the body extract energy from nutrients

In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick determined that the structure of DNA was a double helix. This discovery best helped them _________.

• determine that the sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA is different for every organism

• identify the nitrogen bases contained in DNA

• determine that RNA contains the sugar ribose

• understand how DNA copies genetic information

This chemical equation shows the process of _________.

• catabolism

• fermentation

• photosynthesis

• cellular respiration

The process of alcoholic fermentation involves the breaking down of glucose. This reaction produces

• fructose, carbon dioxide, and energy

• oxygen, ethanol, and benzene

• ethanol, carbon dioxide, and energy

• lysine, ethanol, and carbon dioxide

Lipids contain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and can be either liquid or solid. Which of these lipids is an example of a triglyceride mixture that contains mostly saturated fatty acids?

• corn oil

• butter

• olive oil

• peanut oil