6.3 Groundwater

What is infiltration?

• The process by which water sinks into the ground

• The zone where there are still air spaces left between the particles.

• The process by which water vapor turns into liquid water and forms fog or clouds.

• The process by which water does not sink into the ground, but rather travels along the surface.

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What process causes liquid water to evaporate from plant leaves and enter the atmosphere as water vapor?

• evaporation

• infiltration

• precipitation

• transpiration

• condensation

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Which soil would have the greatest permeability rate after a rainstorm?

• sand (0.02 cm)

• silt (0.002 cm)

• clay (0.0002 cm)

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Which surface would have the most runoff from it after a rainstorm?

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Which surface would be impermeable?

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Which of the following IS NOT true about groundwater?

• Groundwater is the largest freshwater source on Earth.

• Groundwater is freshwater beneath Earth’s surface.

• Groundwater is the largest liquid freshwater source for humans.

• Groundwater can maintain streamflow during times of drought.

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The top of the zone of saturation is known as:

• the water table.

• an artesian well.

• the hydraulic gradient.

• a geyser.

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A place where the water table intersects the ground surface and where a natural flow of groundwater results is called:

• a spring.

• a geyser.

• an aquatard.

• a fissure.

What is the most common method for removing groundwater?

• a well bored into the zone of saturation

• accessing the water table by use of low-grade explosives

• building a water tower

• damming up a river

Geologically, groundwater is important as an agent of:

• erosion

• deposition

• lithification

• subduction

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