Chemistry module 2 - part 2

A cation is larger than it was as a neutral atom because the added electrons occupy a higher energy level.

• True

• False

As you move down group one of the periodic table, what happens to the atomic radii?

• They increase, because of the higher number of occupied energy levels.

• They increase, because of the stronger attraction between electrons and the nucleus

• They decrease, because of the weaker effective nuclear charge.

• They decrease, because of the lower number of protons.

Which of the following elements would you expect to have the lowest ionization energy value, and why?

• Fluorine (F), because it is a halogen that naturally forms a negative ion

• Lithium (Li), because it has a low effective nuclear charge and large radius

• Neon (Ne), because it is a noble gas with a full energy level and small radius

• Nitrogen (N), because it is a nonmetal that does not have a full outer energy level

Generally speaking, which group would have the lowest electronegativity values in a period?

• Group 1

• Group 3

• Group 14

• Group 17

The image compares the arrangement of electrons in two different neutral atoms.

Which of the following best explains the position of the two atoms in the periodic table?

• Both atoms have an estimated Z_eff of 1; therefore, Atom D is to the right of Atom E in the same period.

• Both atoms have Z_eff of 1; therefore, Atom D is above Atom E in the same column because of the additional energy level.

• Atom D has an estimated Z_eff of 1 and is therefore to the left of Atom E, which has a Z_eff of 9.

• Atom D has an estimated Z_eff of 1 and is therefore below Atom E in the same column, which has a Z_eff of 9.

Which of the following is a characteristic of robust scientific knowledge?

• It is frequently re-examined.

• It is rarely subjected to arguments.

• It has been disproven several times.

• It develops over a short duration of time.

Which of the following provides evidence to support Rutherford's model of the atomic nucleus?

• Gold foil experiment

• Plum pudding model

• Spectrum of colors emitted by gas

• Radiation produced when alpha particles hit beryllium

Which of the following observations indicates that an atom has neutrons?

• Some uncharged particles are scattered by a beryllium atom when it hits a gold foil.

• Some uncharged particles bounce back from a gold foil when it is bombarded with alpha particles.

• A radiation with neutral particles is emitted when alpha particles strike beryllium atoms.

• A radiation which attracts electrons is produced when a beryllium atom is bombarded with alpha particles.

The table shows the charge on three unknown subatomic particles.

Which particle is most likely present in the space outside of the nucleus of the atom?

• Only particle X

• Only particle Z

• Both particles X and Y

• Both particles Y and Z

The table shows the number of charged subatomic particles in an ion.

A positively charged substance is brought near the ion. What will most likely happen and why?

• The ion will attract the substance because it has lost two electrons.

• The ion will attract the substance because it has lost an electron.

• The ion will repel the substance because it has lost two electrons.

• The ion will repel the substance because it has lost an electron.