Midterm Review Meteorology & Hydrology

The diagram illustrates the effect of the Moon's and the Sun's gravity on Earth. Loos at where the X is located. What is happening at point X in the diagram?

• solar tide

• average sea level

• high tide

• low tide

In which two layers of the atmosphere does temperature increase as altitude increases?

• The mesosphere and stratosphere

• The stratosphere and thermosphere

• The thermosphere and troposphere

• The troposphere and mesosphere

Most of the sun's radiation passes through Earth's atmosphere and is absorbed by land and water. The diagram below shows some of the ways in which air is warmed.

What kind of energy transfer is shown by the movement of the air labeled B in the diagram?

• conduction, when air particles collide and transfer energy as heat

• radiation, when the energy in electromagnetic waves warms the air

• convection, when warm air rises upward, spreads out, and transfers energy as heat

• conduction, when warm air rises upward, spreads out, and transfers energy as electromagnetic waves

The picture shows a beach on a sunny day. How does the temperature of the air cause a breeze to blow toward the land?

• The warmer air over the land rises, and the cooler air over the water falls and moves toward the land.

• The cooler air over the land rises, and the warmer air over the water falls and moves toward the land.

• The warmer air over the water rises, and the cooler air over the land falls and moves toward the land.

• The cooler air over the water rises, and the warmer air over the land falls and moves toward the land.

The picture below shows what happens when a glass of water is left in the sunshine for a period of time. Which process can a scientist explain with this model?

• boiling

• condensation

• evaporation

• melting

The graph shows the distribution of water on Earth's surface. What can be concluded from the image?

• Most of the freshwater on Earth is found in oceans.

• Most of the water available on Earth is not drinkable.

• Most of the water available on Earth is drinkable.

• Most of the freshwater on Earth is found as groundwater.

The diagram shows the layers of the atmosphere. In which two layers of the atmosphere does temperature decrease as altitude increases?

• The mesosphere and the stratosphere

• The stratosphere and the thermosphere

• The thermosphere and the troposphere

• The troposphere and the mesosphere

The diagram shows the topography of an ocean floor. Which area on the diagram most likely has water with the highest salinity?

• W

• X

• Y

• Z

A diagram of air movement is shown below. What does this diagram show?

• hurricane

• land breeze

• tornado

• sea breeze

What is the primary cause of tides on Earth?

• the gravitational force of the Moon and Sun

• the Sun's electromagnetic energy

• Earth's magnetic field

• Earth's rotation