KEYSTONE PREP #2

Use the diagram to answer the question. A scientist observes a single-celled organism with several long, whip-like tails. Which function do the whip-like tails most likely perform for the organism?

• defense against predators

• movement through an environment

• detection of the location of a light source

• measurement of atmospheric temperature changes

Which process best describes the assembly of proteins from amino acids?

• Atoms are linked to form a compound.

• Monomers are linked to form a polymer.

• Atoms are added to a monomer until it becomes a polymer.

• Molecules are added to a compound until it becomes a monomer.

Use the chart to answer the question. Four students classified the main energy conversions that occur during photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Which student best classified the energy conversions that occur in the two processes?

• student 1

• student 2

• student 3

• student 4

Use the diagram to answer the question. Which cell process is best modeled by the diagram?

• osmosis

• exocytosis

• passive transport

• facilitated diffusion

At a point in the cell cycle, chromosomes have aligned near the middle of a cell. Which sequence of events will the cell need to complete to produce two identical daughter cells?

• anaphase → telophase → cytokinesis

• anaphase II → telophase II → cytokinesis II

• prophase → metaphase → anaphase

• metaphase II → anaphase II → telophase II

Use the chart to answer the question. Which student correctly compared the outcomes of meiosis and mitosis?

• student 1

• student 2

• student 3

• student 4

Which statement best describes how geographic isolation can contribute to land animal speciation?

• Geographic isolation physically separates populations but allows them to interact.

• Geographic isolation physically separates populations and prevents them from interacting.

• Geographic isolation causes genetic changes in individual organisms but allows them to interact.

• Geographic isolation causes genetic changes in individual organisms and prevents them from interacting.

Use the diagram to answer the question. Whales have vestigial femurs and pelvic bones. Which statement explains why the vestigial structures are most likely present in whales?

• Whales evolved over time from ancestors that lived on land.

• Whales evolved over time from fish species that once lived on land.

• Hind legs are an adaptation in whales that is selected for as they evolve into land mammals.

• Hind legs are an evolutionary adaptation observed in whales that walk along the ocean floor.

A student listed characteristics of a classroom aquarium ecosystem. Which characteristic is a biotic component of the aquarium ecosystem?

• The water temperature is 23°C.

• The pH of the water is usually between 6.5 and 6.8.

• The ammonia is controlled with a filter that uses two types of bacteria.

• The lighting is supplied by natural sunlight and a fluorescent light bulb.

Tadpoles grown in ponds with high densities of tadpoles have lower survival and growth rates than tadpoles grown in ponds with lower densities of tadpoles. Which interaction between tadpoles grown in high-tadpole-density ponds would most likely cause the decreased survival and growth rates?

• symbiosis

• mutualism

• competition

• commensalism