BIO 10 - Evolution

What is NOT true about polygenic traits?

• they are controlled by a single gene
• human skin color is an example
• they produce many different phenotypes
• blood type is an example

Which of the following is an example of variation?

• slight differences in beak width in a finch population
• cats having different paws from dogs
• similar arm bones in whales and humans
• zebras and skunks both having similar colors

What determines whether a large group is 2 different species or 1 species with lots of variation?

• if they mate and have fertile offspring
• how they behave
• their physical similarities
• their mutation rate

An error or mistake in the sequence of DNA that could possibly lead to a new trait is called a:

• mutation
• recombination
• single gene trait
• adaptation

The two main sources that produce all variations are:

• mutations and crossing over during meiosis
• evolution and natural selection
• genotypes and phenotypes
• adaptations and the environment

Any trait that gives an organism an advantage in its environment and can be passed on to offspring is known as a(n):

• adaptation
• recombination
• mutation
• evolution

According to Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that are best adapted to their environment. Their survival is due to the

• adaptations they inherited from their parents that maximize their fitness
• characteristics their parents acquired by use or disuse
• lack of competition within the species
• choices made by plant and animal breeders

Spikes were glued onto the shells of turtles for fifty generations in a row. The fifty-first generation emerged with normal, spike-free shells. This observation shows why Lamarck was wrong, because evolution is NOT based on:

• parents passing on acquired traits to offspring
• inheritance of genetic traits
• survival of the fittest
• natural selection

Darwin’s theory of evolution suggests that:

• species change over time
• extinct species are not related to living species
• different species can interbreed
• animals that look alike are the most closely related

Each of the following is a condition necessary for natural selection to occur EXCEPT

• Organisms choose the best adaptations for their offspring
• More offspring are born than can survive
• Individuals have varying levels of fitness
• There is heritable variation among members of the population