The Age of Enlightenment and the Scientific Revolution

A social contract is created by individuals to form a free society where citizens have the power. Which of the following philosophers upholds this belief about the social contract?

• Wollstonecraft

• Beccaria

• Rousseau

• Smith

John Locke believed a government should not deprive citizens of their natural rights. According to Locke, some of these rights included:

• freedom of religion

• life, liberty, and property

• owning a weapon

• a fair and speedy trial

John Locke believed that the liberty of man is to be under no other legislative power that has not been established by...

• the consent of the governed

• the power of the church

• the authority of the monarchy

• the power of the dictator

Mary Wollstonecraft advocated for women's rights during the Enlightenment. She believed that women had more to offer to society than domestic care and responsibilities. Which of the following did she believe all citizens including women should be eligible to receive?

• a free market

• an education

• religious freedoms

• free shelter and food

Thomas Hobbes wrote this book about the structure of society and governments.

• Candide

• Leviathan

• On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres

• Principia Matematica

Which philosopher believed that a government with separation of powers was the best type of government?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

The man who believed in absolute monarchy because he thought the common man wasn’t wise enough to make choices.

• John Locke

• Adam Smith

• Hobbes

• Montesquieu

This was the man who believed in free speech, justice for all, religious tolerance, and end to slavery. His work inspired many ideas in the U.S. Bill of Rights.

• Adam Smith

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Montesquieu

Which of these was NOT a composer during the Enlightenment period?

      

• Richard Wagner

• Franz Joseph Haydn 

• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 

• Ludwig von Beethoven

Answer explanation

Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven were all composers during the Enlightenment period. Wagner "showed up" in the mid-1800s.

Which idea is central to John Locke’s Two Treatises of Government?

• Predestination will determine who will go to heaven.

• Famine, disease, and conflict are natural checks on population growth.

• The “have-nots” will rise up and overthrow the government of the haves.

• A government’s power comes from the consent of the people.