18.11 Enzyme

Which statement best describes the enzyme represented in the graphs below?

• This enzyme works best at a temperature above 50ºC and a pH above 12.

• This enzyme works best at a temperature of 50ºC and a pH of 12.

• This enzyme works best at a temperature of 35ºC and a pH of 8.

• Temperature and pH have no effect on the action of this enzyme.

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The diagram below shows how living things use enzymes in chemical reactions to release energy. How do enzymes affect the reactions in which they take part?

• Most enzymes slow down chemical reactions.

• Enzymes are converted into products in the reaction.

• Enzymes increase the activation energy of the reaction.

• Enzymes decrease the activation energy of the reaction.

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The human body maintains a temperature of around 98.6 degrees at all times. Enzymes are involved in almost every chemical reaction in the body. Which of the following describes the connection between these two statements?

• Enzymes function best at a specific temperature.

• The body needs to be warm to prevent hypothermia.

• The body is kept relatively warm to prevent too much enzyme action.

• There is no connection between the two statements.

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In living cells, enzymes act as catalysts, which may reduce the amount of activation energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. In the graphs below, pathway x is a solid line representing the uncatalyzed reaction. The dotted line shows the catalyzed reaction. Which graph best illustrates the changes in a reaction when the catalyst reduces the amount of energy required?

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