Honors Biology Genetics and Meiosis

The law of segregation explains that

• alleles of a gene separate from each other during meiosis.

• different alleles of a gene can never be found in the same organism.

• each gene of an organism ends up in the same gamete.

• all of the above

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When Mendel was experimenting with pea plants, he noted that the traits for seed color and plant height were inherited separately. This observation most directly contributed to an understanding of

• codominance

• independent assortment

• crossing-over

• fertilization

When a mouse with black fur is crossed with a mouse with white fur, all first generation (F1) offspring have grey fur. What kind of inheritance is this?

• simple dominant

• codominance

• sex linked

• incomplete dominance

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Which statement describes how two organisms may show the same trait, yet have different genotypes for that phenotype?

• Both are heterozygous for the dominant trait

• Both are homozygous for the dominant trait

• One is homozygous dominant and the other heterozygous dominant

• One is homozygous dominant and the other homozygous recessive

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A Punnett square can be used to

• predict the traits of the offspring produced by genetic crosses.

• determine the actual outcomes of genetic crosses.

• predict the traits of the parents used in genetic crosses.

• decide which organisms are best to use in genetic crosses.

Gametes have

• homologous chromosomes.

• twice the number of chromosomes found in body cells.

• two sets of chromosomes.

• one allele for each gene.

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During meiosis, Independent assortment and Crossing over increase genetic diversity and variation.

• True

• False

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Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of

• diploid cells.

• haploid cells.

• 2N daughter cells.

• body cells.

What is formed at the end of meiosis?

• two genetically identical cells

• four genetically different cells

• four genetically identical cells

• two genetically different cells

The different forms of a gene are called

• pollinations.

• traits.

• alleles.

• hybrids

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