Unit 2 Test - Accommodation

The author's purpose in this paragraph was to

• entertain readers with a story about how code talkers received medals for their service during wartime.

• inform readers that the code talkers were recognized by the US government for their critical work during wartime

• educate readers about the history of US presidents and holidays created to honor groups like the code talkers.

• persuade readers that they learn to create code so they can be recognized by the US government.

Read the excerpt from "The Enigma Machine.”

Cryptologists looked for cribs, which are repeated expressions in messages. Sloppy operators would repeat phrases like "nothing to report" or "weather forecast" (Wettervorhersage), which served as clues. If there were no cribs to be found, the British would send out false information about, say, British mines planted in a given area. The Germans might then send messages with the name of that area, which would provide clues about deciphering that code.

Which is the meaning of the word cryptologists?

• people who study weapons

• people who study codes

• people who study marine life

• people who study ships

Read the first sentence of "Code Talkers.”

Cryptology, the study and use of secret codes, has been an important component of US military strategy since it was first used in the American Revolution to hide sensitive communications from British forces.

How does the author introduce the reader to code talkers?

• by presenting an interesting fact

• by telling an interesting story

• by providing a relevant quotation

• by asking an important question

Which sentence from "The Rosetta Stone” is a compound sentence?

• Only the last fourteen lines of the hieroglyphic text were intact, and the missing pieces made it hard to decipher the text.

• Young used an old code breaker's technique of looking for a crib, or a word that can be identified in the text.

• They were written on papyrus and carved into stone to communicate between this world and the next.

Which examples from "The Enigma Machine” are complex sentences? Check all that apply.

• The importance of intercepting German communications became clear with the interception of the Zimmermann Telegram during World War I.

• For example, Bletchley Park was crucial in the Battle of the Atlantic, which lasted six years.

• The Enigma machine was invented at the end of World War I by German engineer Arthur Scherbius.

• This was provided in a codebook, which was a monthly list of daily keys distributed to various networks in the German military.

• Since the Enigma machine could encrypt text into over 150 trillion possible combinations, Germans were convinced the codes were not decipherable.

Read the excerpt from "Code Talkers.”

In World War I and World War II, American Indian soldiers played a critical role in the US military effort by using their native languages as the basis for creating successful codes. The most famous of these soldiers were a group of four hundred men known as the Navajo code talkers. These innovative and courageous soldiers developed for the United States Marine Corps a virtually unbreakable military code, which proved highly valuable against the Japanese during the Second World War.

Which words and phrases from this excerpt help create a tone of admiration (admire/respect/appreciate)? Select 3 options.

• highly valued

• developed

• native languages

• courageous

• critical role

Read the excerpt from "The Rosetta Stone.”

Then chance stepped in. In 1798, Napoleon went to Egypt to protect its trade interests. In addition to an army, he brought along Egyptian scholars who were charged with copying the inscriptions and studying the architecture.

The following year, the French bolstered their defenses by rebuilding a fort in the town of Rosetta. In the midst of the fortification, the Rosetta Stone was discovered. Ironically, this large stone tablet was found not by one of the scholars but by a soldier. Luckily, he recognized that the inscriptions must have value. Militarily, Napoleon's Egyptian campaign was a disaster—the British decimated the French navy—but historically, it was of long-lasting importance.

Which best describes the structure of this excerpt?

• problem and solution

• chronological order

• list form

• compare and contrast

Read the sentence.

Last night, I _________my essay on the history of comic books.

Which verb or verb phrase completes the sentence with the appropriate verb tense?

• revise

• revised

• am revising

• will revise

Which can readers use to find the meaning of an unfamiliar word? Check all that apply.

• root words

• formal words

• word endings

• parts of speech

• length of speech

An inference needs to be supported by___________ in the text.

• evidence

• ideas

• opinions

• descriptions