Psychology

 emphasizes the role that thoughts play in determining behavior  

• evolutionary perspective
• cognitive perspective
• biological perspective
• all of the above

 emphasizes the influences of ethnicity, gender, culture, and socio-economic status on behavior and mental processes 

• evolutionary perspective
• biological perspective
• sociocultural perspective
• all of the above

 the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

• psychology
• biology
• morality
• behavior

psychological perspective that focuses on the interaction of biological processes, psychological dispositions, and social factors 

• humanistic perspective
• biopsychosocial perspective
• social-learning theory
• all of the above

Psychologists study human _______________________ by observing and measuring how people act. 

• behavior
• natural
• bilogy
• none of the above

What makes psychology a science?

• Many psychologists have earned advanced college degrees.
• Psychologists may study the brain.
• The methods psychologists use to ask and answer questions.
• Psychologists focus on studying behavior and mental processes.

Dr. Philip Zimbardo (1972) found that Stanford University students who had been randomly assigned to act as either a guard or prisoner in a simulated prison, adopted these roles completely. After 6 days the study had to be stopped as the guards became cruel and the prisoners suffered stress reactions. Dr. Zimbardo found that the behavior of the participants in the study began to shape their beliefs and attitudes. Dr. Zimbardo is most likely a:

• personality psychologist
• clinical psychologist
• forensic psychologist
• social psychologist

Dr. Jean Piaget (1952) showed 5-year-old children two identical glass beakers each containing the same amount of liquid. The children had no difficultly understanding that the amount of liquid was the same in both containers. However, when the liquid from one beaker was poured into a tall, thin beaker, the children mistakenly believed that the taller glass had more liquid. Dr. Piaget concluded that children at this age lack the ability to understand that volume remains the same even if its appearance changes. Dr. Piaget was most likely a(n):

• educational psychologist

• developmental psychologist

• social psychologist

• human-factors psychologist

The " Nurture" aspect of behavior focuses on

• Genetic traits that shape behavior

• How the Environment after birth influences behavior

• How parenting styles affect behavior

Who studied unconscious and conscious behavior?

• Sigmund Freud

• B.F. Skinner

• Ivan Pavlov

• John B. Watson