Quiz about Quizziz: Stress, Faults, and Earthquakes

Question 1

Which type of stress is shown?

Accepted Answer

Compression

Answer

Tension

Answer

Shear

Answer

Inversion

Question 2

Which type of stress is shown?

Accepted Answer

Shear

Answer

Compression

Answer

Tension

Answer

Inversion

Question 3

Which type of stress is shown?

Accepted Answer

Tension

Answer

Compression

Answer

Shear

Answer

Inversion

Question 4

What causes most deaths during an earthquake?

Accepted Answer

Collapsing buildings and falling objects

Answer

Fires from broken gas pipes

Answer

People falling into cracks in the Earth

Answer

Electrocution from downed power lines

Question 5

Which three (3) states have the greatest risk of experiencing a damaging earthquake?

(Choose 3)

Accepted Answer

California

Accepted Answer

Washington

Accepted Answer

Alaska

Answer

Florida

Answer

North Dakota

Question 6

Which type of deformation is shown in this picture?

Accepted Answer

This picture best shows fracture

Answer

This picture best shows elastic deformation

Answer

This picture best shows plastic deformation

Question 7

Which type of deformation is shown in this picture?

Accepted Answer

This picture best shows plastic deformation

Answer

This picture best shows elastic deformation

Answer

This picture best shows fracture

Question 8

Which type of deformation is shown in this picture?

Accepted Answer

This picture best shows elastic deformation

Answer

This picture best shows plastic deformation

Answer

This picture best shows fracture

Question 9

Which type of fault is shown?

- caused by tension

- often occurs at or near divergent boundaries

Accepted Answer

Normal Fault

Answer

Reverse Fault

Answer

Strike-slip Fault

Question 10

Which type of fault is shown?

- caused by compression

- often occurs at or near convergent boundaries

Accepted Answer

Reverse Fault

Answer

Normal Fault

Answer

Strike-slip Fault

Question 11

Which type of fault is shown?

- caused by shear

- often occurs at or near transform boundaries

Accepted Answer

Strike-slip Fault

Answer

Normal Fault

Answer

Reverse Fault

Question 12

Which seismic wave is the fastest and first to be detected by a seismograph?

It is a body wave and it can travel through solids, liquids, and gases!

Accepted Answer

P-wave

Answer

S-wave

Answer

Love Wave

Answer

Rayleigh Wave

Question 13

Which seismic wave is the second fastest and is second to be detected by a seismograph?

It is a body wave and it can only travel through solids!

Accepted Answer

S-wave

Answer

P-wave

Answer

Love Wave

Answer

Rayleigh Wave

Question 14

Which seismic wave causes lots of damage because it makes the ground to move in a violent rolling motion (like waves coming in off of the ocean)?

It is a surface wave!

Accepted Answer

Rayleigh Wave

Answer

P-wave

Answer

S-wave

Answer

Love Wave

Question 15

Which seismic wave causes lots of damage because it makes the ground to move in a violent side-to-side motion?

It is a surface wave!

Accepted Answer

Love Wave

Answer

P-wave

Answer

S-wave

Answer

Rayleigh Wave

Question 16

Which two seismic waves are body waves?

Accepted Answer

P-waves

Accepted Answer

S-waves

Answer

Love Waves

Answer

Rayleigh Waves

Question 17

Which two seismic waves are surface waves?

Accepted Answer

Love Waves

Accepted Answer

Rayleigh Waves

Answer

P-waves

Answer

S-waves

Question 18

Which two seismic waves cause the most damage during an earthquake?

Accepted Answer

Love Waves

Accepted Answer

Rayleigh Waves

Answer

P-waves

Answer

S-waves

Question 19

Letter A represents the __________.

Energy in the form of vibrations that moves outwards from the focus of an earthquake.

Accepted Answer

Seismic Waves

Answer

Fault

Answer

Focus

Answer

Epicenter

Question 20

Letter B represents the __________.

The location on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake. Usually a town, city, or other known landmark.

Accepted Answer

Epicenter

Answer

Fault

Answer

Focus

Answer

Seismic Waves

Question 21

Letter C represents the __________.

The location along the fault where the "first motion" of the earthquake occurred. It is where the rock first broke and moved and is expressed as a depth below the Earth's surface.

Accepted Answer

Focus

Answer

Fault

Answer

Epicenter

Answer

Seismic Waves

Question 22

Letter D represents the __________.

The break in a body of rock along which movement occurs. It is where most earthquakes occur.

Accepted Answer

Fault

Answer

Focus

Answer

Epicenter

Answer

Seismic Waves

Question 23

The sudden movement of the ground that occurs when stress causes a body of rock to move and break along a fault.

Most are not large enough to cause damage or death. Worldwide, there are only round 20 that are considered major or severe each year.

Accepted Answer

Earthquakes

Answer

Epicenters

Answer

Tsunamis

Answer

S-waves

Question 24

Why are S-waves important?

Accepted Answer

They help prove that the outer core is a liquid.

Answer

They help scientists predict major earthquakes.

Answer

They cause the most damage.

Answer

They only happen in earthquakes of magnitude 9.0 or higher.

Question 25

These machines are called ________ and they help detect and record earthquakes.

The drawing or tracing of the earthquake's vibrations is called a _____________.

Accepted Answer

seismograph : seismogram

Answer

seismogram : seismograph

Question 26

The areas in California that seem to experience the greatest risk of a damaging earthquake are all located near ________________.

Accepted Answer

the San Andreas Fault.

Answer

the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

Answer

the Andes Mountains.

Answer

a volcanic island arc.

Question 27

A giant (and potentially deadly) ocean wave that can occur when an earthquake causes the ocean floor to suddenly shift.

Japan and Indonesia have both experienced one within the last 20 years.

Accepted Answer

Tsunami

Answer

Epicenter

Answer

P-wave

Answer

Foreshock

Question 28

Which of the following can affect the amount of damage caused by an earthquake?

Accepted Answer

All of these factors!!!!

Answer

The length of the earthquake

Answer

The distance from the earthquake's epicenter

Answer

Human infrastructure (amount of structures, building materials, types of buildings)

Answer

The magnitude (strength) of the earthquake

Question 29

The "amount of damage" caused during an earthquake is called the ________, and it is measured using the ___________ Scale. (I through XII)

Accepted Answer

Intensity : Mercalli

Answer

Intensity : Moment Magnitude

Answer

Strength : Moment Magnitude

Answer

Strength : Mercalli

Question 30

The "amount of energy released" during an earthquake is called the ________, and it is measured using the ___________ Scale. (0.0 through 10.0)

Accepted Answer

Strength : Moment Magnitude

Answer

Intensity : Moment Magnitude

Answer

Intensity : Mercalli

Answer

Strength : Mercalli

Question 31

Where do most earthquakes occur?

Accepted Answer

At or near tectonic plate boundaries. Especially the convergent and transform boundaries located around the Pacific Ocean and in Asia.

Answer

Scientists don't really know. There does not seem to be a pattern.

Answer

Mostly in Africa near the East African Rift Valley.

Answer

Far away from tectonic plate boundaries. Especially in the middle of North America, the eastern part of South America, Africa, and northern Europe.

Question 32

During an earthquake, you should ________.

Choose two!

Accepted Answer

Move to an open outdoor area away from buildings and structures

Accepted Answer

Get beneath a sturdy table or desk and hold on to it

Answer

Try to fix downed power lines

Answer

Stand near large glass windows

Answer

Stand near or underneath tall buildings and bridges

Question 33

Yearly, there are _________ earthquakes worldwide.

However, most do not cause death or damage.

Accepted Answer

nearly 1,000,000 (one million)

Answer

nearly 100 (one hundred)

Answer

nearly 1,000 (one thousand)

Answer

Scientists don't really know.

Question 34

Vibrations during an earthquake can cause wet, loose ground materials (like mud) to become unstable. This may cause buildings and other structures to become unstable or even sink into the ground!

Accepted Answer

Liquefaction

Answer

S-wave shadow

Answer

Aftershock

Answer

Tsunami

Question 35

The "force per unit area" that acts upon a body of rock...it can act as compression, tension, or shear.

Accepted Answer

Stress

Answer

Friction

Answer

Focus

Answer

Deformation

Question 36

The force that prevents a body of rock from moving smoothly past another body of rock. If stress is greater than this force...an earthquake will occur!

Accepted Answer

Friction

Answer

Focus

Answer

Stress

Answer

Deformation

Question 37

There have only been 5 earthquakes that measure 9.0 or above. They each caused extreme damage, deaths, and long term consequences in Alaska, Japan, Chile, Russia, and Indonesia.

Along which type of tectonic plate boundary do the strongest earthquakes usually occur?

Accepted Answer

Convergent

Answer

Revergent

Answer

Divergent

Answer

Transform

Question 38

Building, bridges, roadways, pipelines, railroad tracks, power lines, and roads are all examples of human _________ that can be damaged or destroyed during an earthquake.

Accepted Answer

Infrastructure

Answer

Epicenters

Answer

Faults

Answer

Liquefaction

Question 39

Which type of seismic wave is shown in area A of this seismogram?

Accepted Answer

P-Wave

Answer

S-wave

Answer

Rayleigh Wave

Answer

Love Wave

Question 40

Which type of seismic wave is shown in area B of this seismogram?

Accepted Answer

S-wave

Answer

Rayleigh Wave

Answer

Love Wave

Answer

P-Wave

Question 41

Which type of seismic waves are shown in area C of this seismogram?

Accepted Answer

Surface Waves

Answer

Body Waves

Answer

Primary Waves

Answer

Secondary Waves

Question 42

The San Andreas Fault runs through California along the boundary between the Pacific and North American Plates. It is a transform boundary along which many strong earthquakes have occurred.

When earthquakes occur along the San Andreas,

the rock often moves and breaks along _________ faults.

Accepted Answer

Strike-slip

Answer

Normal

Answer

Reverse

Answer

Transverse

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