What is a gene?

• a segment of DNA

• a segment of proteins

• a series of amino acids

• a series of DNA molecules

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The building blocks of DNA are called

• amino acids

• nucleotides

• proteins

• nitrogen bases

The building blocks of proteins are called

• nucleotides

• amino acids

• DNA

• RNA

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Where are genes found within a cell?

• in the cytoplasm

• within the cell wall

• on chromosomes

• inside proteins

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One model of a DNA molecule is a twisted ladder. In this model, what do the rungs of the ladder represent?

• nitrogen bases

• phosphate groups

• deoxyribose sugar

• nucleotides

A twisted ladder can be a model of the structure of a DNA molecule. In this model, what are the sides of the ladder made of?

• phosphate group

• sugar

• nitrogen bases

• sugar and phosphate groups

Select the correct base pairs below.

• Adenine - Thymine

• Cytosine - Guanine

• Adenine - Guanine

• Cytosine - Thymine

A genetic mutation will most immediately affect which of the following?

• The number of chromosomes within each cell of the body

• The ability of the organism to survive in its environment

• The structure of one or more proteins produced by the organism

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Where would DNA fit in the flowchart shown below?

• Position 1

• Position 2

• Position 3

• Position 4

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What type of mutation is it when one base pair is replaced with another?

• substitution

• insertion

• deletion

• point

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