HMH Book C Unit 3 L1

1. The diagram shows an outline of Earth.

The location marked on the map indicates a biodiversity hotspot. What would scientists expect to find at this location?

• A. An ecosystem with very few plants and animals living in it.

• B. An ecosystem with a large variety of plants and animals that is threatened.

• C. An ecosystem that has experienced a disturbance that it cannot recover from.

• D. An ecosystem that has experienced a disruption in the flow of matter and energy through it.

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2. Coral reefs are found in coastal ecosystems. Coral reefs have a high biodiversity. Which statement is true about coral reefs?

• A. Matter and energy are not easily passed throughout a coral reef.

• B. Coral reefs usually contain only a few different types of fish and coral.

• C. Coral reefs would not be able to recover from an ecosystem disturbance.

• D. There are many different species of plants and animals found on a coral reef.

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3. Wetlands are natural parts of watershed systems. Wetlands provide benefits many benefits. Which of these is a way that wetlands directly benefit humans?

• A. provide nesting grounds for birds

• B. decrease erosion along shorelines

• C. reduce flooding in adjacent towns

• D. increase biodiversity near the ocean

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4. Which of these describes a way in which humans could increase biodiversity in a marine ecosystem?

• A. They could introduce new species to the ecosystem.

• B. They could limit fishing to only one kind of fish in the ecosystem.

• C. They could ban boating, snorkeling, and scuba diving in the ecosystem.

• D. They could restrict the amount of each type of fish or shellfish harvested from the ecosystem.

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5. Which of these characteristics is often used as a measure of an ecosystem’s health?

• A. the variety of species that live there

• B. the number of people who live there

• C. the amount of pollution that occurs there

• D. the types of activities that can be done there

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6. Which ecosystem most likely has the greatest biological diversity?

• A. a tank that includes several goldfish

• B. a tundra region that has many penguins

• C. a pine tree in which three groups of birds live

• D. a rainforest that has many different types of plants and animals

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7. How does the biodiversity in an ecosystem relate to how quickly an ecosystem can recover from a disturbance?

• A. The number of species increases the ability of the ecosystem to recover from disturbance.

• B. The number of species decreases the ability of an ecosystem to recover from the disturbance.

• C. The number of species present in an ecosystem remains constant before and after a disturbance.

• D. The number of species does not affect the time needed for an ecosystem to recover from a disturbance.

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8. What is Biodiversity?

• A. The Living and nonliving factors.

• B. A combination of genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.

• C. When an organism goes extinct.

• D. A close interaction between two or more species.

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Where are some areas of high biodiversity? Check all that apply.

• A puddle in the street.

• The amazon rainforest

• The great barrier reef

• Greenland.

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10. There is a relationship between biodiversity and living and nonliving factors in an ecosystem.

Give an example of one living and one nonliving factor in an ecosystem.

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