Sexual/Asexual Reproduction

The mitotic spindle is a part of a cell that allows for the movement of sister chromatids to opposite poles of the cell during the later stages of mitosis. Which problem would most likely occur if the mitotic spindle stopped functioning in a cell?

• Newly produced cells would be twice their normal size.

• Newly produced cells would have too few or too many chromosomes.

• Newly produced cells would fail to form and pinch off from each other.

• Newly produced cells would contain new chromosomes not found in the parent cells.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

A planarian is a type of multicellular organism. A process that occurs in a planarian is represented in the model.

This is an example of ______________ reproduction using the process of ____________________.

Select the answer choice that BEST completes the above sentence.

• Sexual; Regeneration

• Asexual; Regeneration

• Sexual; Binary Fission

• Asexual; Binary Fission

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NGSS.MS-LS3-2

The diagram below shows the occurrence of three checkpoints in the cell cycle. At each checkpoint, the cell determines whether conditions are favorable for cell division to continue. If the conditions are not favorable, a protein called p53 stops the cell cycle and causes the cell to die.

Which statement describes what would most likely happen if p53 mutated and could not perform its task?

• The cell would divide without control and lead to the formation of cancer.

• The cell would regain control of the cell cycle by using a type of lipid instead of p53.

• The cell would divide without control and produce new cells that make p53 without the mutation.

• The cell would regain control of the cell cycle by adding an additional checkpoint at cytokinesis.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

After an injury, the human body begins a process of cell division to repair damaged tissues. Which model best represents the cellular process for tissue repair?

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

The model shows a starfish undergoing the process of regeneration.

Which statement best describes a negative effect of regeneration on a starfish population?

• The genetic variation within the starfish population decreases.

• The number of genetic mutations in the starfish population increases.

• Regenerated starfish reproduce less often than starfish that have not regenerated.

• Regenerated starfish are eaten by predators more often than starfish that have not regenerated.

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NGSS.MS-LS3-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The diagram shows two different processes that can affect cells. Select the BEST description for Process 1 and the BEST description for Process 2. You will SELECT two correct descriptions.

• The chromosomes in the daughter cells are exactly the same as in the parent cells.

• The chromosomes in the daughter cells have alleles that were not found in the parent cells.

• The chromosomes in the daughter cells have new combinations of alleles from the parent cells.

• The chromosomes in the daughter cells are completely different from those found in the parent cells.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

The model shows the development of sex cells before fertilization can occur. Write the letter of the cell that represents the most likely genetic outcome of fertilization in the dashed circle.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The diagram shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of Meiosis I. Which of the following correctly describes the process in the diagram?

• A mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered.

• Segregation of sister chromatids.

• Condensation and segregation of alleles.

• Crossing-Over in which alleles are exchanged.

The diagram shows a generalized cycle in sexually reproducing animals.

What is Process A in this cycle?

• Mitosis

• Replication

• Fertilization

• Meiosis II

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Somatic Cells of Fruit Flies contain only 8 Chromosomes, compared to human cells that contain 46. Scientists used studies of fruit flies to discover how gametes are formed.

What did they observe?

• Somatic cells of the offspring flies were haploid, 1(N).

• Sperm cells from the male had 8 chromosomes, 1(N).

• Fruit Fly gametes had 16 chromosomes, 2(N).

• Fruit fly zygotes contain 8 chromosomes, 1(N).

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2