Evolution Review

Based on fossil evidence, scientists concluded that whales evolved from hoofed mammalian ancestors that lived on land. New evidence confirms this and suggests that among the hoofed mammals, the hippopotamus is the closest living relative of whales. Which of the following was the most likely source of this new evidence?

• Comparisons of lifespans

• Mapping of geographic distributions

• Comparisons of gene sequences

• Calculation of population birth rates

The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence. The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different animal species. How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?

•  It provides information about the organisms' habitats.
•  It shows possible common ancestry between organisms.
• It provides information to determine the organisms' ages.
• It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms.

Scientists are studying the evolutionary history of a group of plants in the United States, and they developed an evolutionary tree, as shown below.Which statement can be inferred from the evolutionary tree?

• Species 1 is most closely related to Species 8.
• Species 2 is most closely related to Species 3.
• Species 3 is most closely related to Species 7.
• Species 5 is most closely related to Species 6.

Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.

• Evolution
• Natural Selection
• Extinction
• Artifical Selection

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

• Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• Because they come from dominant alleles.
• Because they come from recessive alleles.
• Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

What word describes a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?

• natural selection

• mutation

• camouflage

• adaptation

Which organisms are most likely to survive?

• the best adapted
• the fastest
• the strongest
• the most domesticated (tamed)

Why is the mouse population changing over time?

• The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice
• The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better
• The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily
• The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily

Scientists believe that a dinosaur known as a hadrosaurus was a plant eater. Which of the following pieces of evidence supports this conclusion?

• Fossilized plant remains are found with the fossils of the hadrosaurus

• The fossilized teeth of the hadrosaurus are flat like the teeth of modern herbivores

• Hadrosaurus fossils are found with fossils of other dinosaurs that were herbivores

• The regions where hadrosaurus fossils are found were heavily forested

Bacteria that are too large cannot obtain nutrients efficiently and bacteria that are too small cannot compete for those nutrients successfully

• directional selection

• stabilizing selection

• disruptive selection

• artificial selection

• sexual selection