Evolution Unit Review

The hypothesis that species change over time by natural selection was proposed by

• Hutton.

• Lamarck.

• Malthus.

• Darwin.

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According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have

• characteristics their parents acquire by use and disuse.

• characteristics that plant and animal breeders value.

• the greatest number of offspring.

• variations best suited to their environment.

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Darwin's theory of evolution is based on the idea(s) of

• natural variation and natural selection.

• use and disuse.

• a tendency towards perfect, unchanging species.

• the transmission of acquired characteristics.

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Structures that are similar in structure but not in function in unrelated organisms are called

• homologous structures

• analogous structures

• vestigial structures

• acquired structures

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When lions prey on a herd of antelope, some antelope are killed and some escape. Which part of Darwin's concept of natural selection might be used to describe this situation?

• acquired characteristics

• reproductive isolation

• survival of the fittest

• descent with modifications

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Which concept is NOT included in the modern theory of evolution?

• Individuals show variation

• More offspring are born than can survive

• transmission of acquired characteristics

• Variations are heritable

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Darwin viewed the fossil record as

• evidence that Earth was thousands of years old.

• a record of evolution.

• interesting but unrelated to the evolution of modern species.

• evidence that traits are acquired through use or disuse.

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An adaptation is an inherited characteristic that can be

• physical or behavioral.

• physical or geographical.

• acquired during the organism's lifetime.

• the result of artificial selection.

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Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment

• diversity.

• fitness.

• adaptation.

• evolution.

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Which statement is in agreement with Darwin's theory of evolution?

• More offspring are produced than can possibly survive.

• The organisms that are the fittest are always the largest and strongest.

• The number of offspring is not related to fitness.

• Acquired characteristics that are inherited are the cause of evolution.

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