Earth & Space Review

Students in a science class in Marfa, Texas, made a poster with a diagram to represent a seasonal change in the Northern Hemisphere. Which statement best describes conditions for Earth as Position 1 in the diagram?

• There are an equal number of hours of daylight and nighttime in the Northern Hemisphere, and the North Pole is tilted away from the sun.

• The Northern Hemisphere has the fewest hours of daylight, and Earth's axis does not tilt at this position.

• There are an equal number of hours of daylight and nighttime in the Northern Hemisphere because Earth's axis is not tilted in this position.

• The Northern Hemisphere has the fewest hours of daylight, and the North Pole is tilted away from the sun.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which of these changes would likely occur if the rate of Earth's rotation on its axis increased?

• the length of the seasons would be shorter

• the lengths of the seasons would be longer

• the length of a day would be shorter

• the length of a day would be longer

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

A student draws the model shown. Which of these best compares the conditions at Location X and Location Y?

• It is day at Location X and night at Location Y

• It is winter at Location X and summer at Location Y

• There are more hours of daylight at Location X than at Location Y

• The moon is brighter when viewed from Location X than when viewed from Location Y

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

A student viewed the moon through binoculars one week after a new moon. Which image shows the phase of the moon that the student observed?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

A student models moon phases. She holds a foam ball on a stick in front of her body and then stands in front of a light as shown. The student uses herself to represent Earth. She turns her body slowly to represent four different moon phases. Which numbered diagram represents the student modeling a full moon?

• Diagram 1

• Diagram 2

• Diagram 3

• Diagram 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

A student notices that the moon is full one evening. Which sequence of moon phases will the student observe over the next eight days?

• full, waning gibbous, third quarter

• full, waning gibbous, first quarter, waning crescent

• full, new, waning gibbous

• full, waxing gibbous, new, waning crescent

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which statement best describes a galaxy?

• A cloud of gas that is the birthplace of stars

• A system of billions of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity

• A ball of plasma that experiences nuclear fusion at its core

• A mass of dust and ice that orbits a star in an elliptical pattern

Which statement about stars is correct?

• star formation begins in a nebula

• white dwarfs become main-sequence stars when they gain mass

• supergiants are stars that can absorb black holes

• main-sequence stars are formed by comets

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-3

Most stars in the universe fit into one of the four areas on this Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Which area of the diagram represents the white dwarfs?

• Area M

• Area X

• Area P

• Area Z

In November 2013, an object orbiting the sun seemed to disappear behind the sun. When a satellite did not detect the object, astronomers thought that the object had been destroyed when it passed close to the sun. However, when another satellite detected a small, bright object with a fan-shaped tail, astronomers proposed that the object was not destroyed. What type of object were astronomers most likely observing?

• a comet

• an asteroid

• a meteor

• a nebula

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3