TEKS B.5(B) - Cell Differentiation

The role of mRNA in expressing specialized structures is to

(a)  

• provide information to for proteins
• make energy available for cellular activities
• produce sugars that assist with replication
• create bonds to form biomolecules

As a fertilized egg divides, the cells differentiate because they

(a)  

• have specific genes activated
• contain a lipid bilayer
• can clump together
• metabolize sugars rapidly

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Animal develop from a single fertilized egg. The embryonic cells become specialized for a variety of functions.

Which of these statements best describes how different cells types develop?

• Each cell type contains only the active parts of the DNA needed for that type of cell type

• Each cell type has only one chromosome containing the DNA needed for that cell type

• Each cell has an identical copy of DNA with enzymes controlling the expression of specific genes, leading to a variety of cells.

• Each cell has multiple copies of DNA that are affected in different ways by the environment to change the function of the cell at regular intervals.

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The diagram shows how specialized body cells can develop.

Which of the following best explains why cells that contain the same genetic material do not develop into the same types of cells?

• Because internal or external stimuli can trigger the activation of specific genes in the DNA of cells

• Because random mutations can occur in the DNA of cells during early embryonic development

• because messenger RNA is converted to transfer RNA when cell differentiation begins

• Because chemical signals that are released during the cell cycle can result in the linking of similar genes

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from a single fertilized ovum undergoing a series or rapid cell divisions, a human infant develops. the embryonic cells become specialized for a variety of functions. Which of these statements best describes how different cell types develop?

• each cell type contains only the active parts of the DNA needed for that cell type.

• each cell type has an identical copy of DNA with enzymes controlling the expression of specific genes, leading to a variety of cells.

• each cell type has only one chromosome containing the DNA needed for that cell type.

• each cell has multiple copies of DNA that are affected in different ways by the environment to change the function of the cell at regular intervals.

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