Civics EOC Part 1 - 2022

Which of the following statements from the 1776 Virginia Declaration of Rights was influenced

by Montesquieu’s view of separation of powers.

• That in all capital or criminal prosecutions a man hath a right to demand… evidence in

  his favor, and to a speedy trial by an impartial jury…

• That a well-regulated militia, composed of the body of the people, trained to arms, is the

  proper natural, and safe defense of a free state…

• That the freedom of the press is one of the great bulwarks of liberty, and can never by

  restrained…

• That the legislative, executive, and judiciary department shall be separate and distinct….

What did many American colonists use Thomas Paine's Common Sense to justify?

• Acts of sabotage against British merchants

• Declaring independence from Britain

• Joining the army instead the militia

• Supporting the British monarchy

The Declaration of Independence included these complaints:

• Taxation without representation

• Limiting judicial powers

• Quartering Troops

• Dissolving legislature

Which complaint should be added to this list?

• Requiring colonists to send representation to Parliament

• Suspending trial by jury in many cases

• Ordering colonists to move from Native American land

• Allowing the wealthy to avoid local laws

How did the U.S. Constitution address the problem under the Articles of Confederation that

Congress had no power to ensure its laws were followed by the states?

• It created an executive branch to enforce laws

• It gave each state sovereign authority over its laws.

• It required the president to resolve disputes between states.

• It required unanimous consent of states to create new laws.

Which weakness of the Articles of Confederation led to Shays’ Rebellion?

• The national government lacked the power to tax.

• The national government lacked central leadership.

• The national government lacked a national court system.

• The national government lacked the power to regulate trade.

Which viewpoint was common among Anti-Federalists?

• There is no need for a separate Bill of Rights.

• The Constitution will not strengthen the government.

• The Constitution does not give enough power to the states.

• A strong national government will protect the people in times of crisis.

This is the idea that "the people" give the government power to protect their natural rights and must live by the rules?

• Separation of Powers

• Social Contract

• Checks and Balances

• Rule of Law

Montesquieu is most known for his ideas on?

• Social Contract

• Natural Rights

• Separation of Powers

• Protection of life, liberty and property

Which Enlightenment thinker argued that all people were born equal and had natural rights to life, liberty, and property?

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes

• Baron de Montesquieu

• John Locke

A government document that limited the power of the king of England and protected the rights of the nobility: written by English Nobles in 1215.

• Magna Carta

• Mayflower Compact

• Common Sense

• English Bill of Rights