EOC Biology Review

The diagram below shows the feeding relationships for four coral reef organisms.

Humans sometimes kill giant tritons in order to collect their attractive spiral shells.

If humans kill most of the giant tritons in a coral reef, the coral population will most likely

• decrease due to a decrease in the parrot fish population.

• increase due to an increase in the parrot fish population.

• increase due to a decrease in the crown-of-thorns sea star population.

• decrease due to an increase in the crown-of-thorns sea star population

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

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Which molecule is paired with its correct role in protein synthesis?

• nucleus - forms peptide bonds

• ribosome - carries DNA instructions

• mRNA- joins amino acids

• tRNA - transfers amino acids

Which best explains why a bacterial cell is classified as a prokaryote?

• the presence of a nucleus

• the absence of a nucleus

• the presence of a cell wall

• the absence of a cell wall

In certain species of roses, white roses and red roses are incompletely dominant to each other. When a red rose and a white rose are crossed, a pink rose is produced. What is the probability of producing a white rose when a red rose is crossed with a pink rose?

• 100%

• 75%

• 25%

• 0%

A diagram of a cell is shown below. Proteins are synthesized in which numbered organelle?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

In the late 1800s, Christiaan Eijkman studied a disease called beriberi, which is caused by a vitamin deficiency. A disease similar to beriberi occurred in chickens that were fed polished rice, which is rice that has had the bran layer removed. Chickens that ate unpolished rice did not get the disease.

Eijkman convinced officials of a prison experiencing an outbreak of the disease to start feeding the prisoners unpolished rice. The rate of beriberi decreased dramatically. Which procedure would best convince other scientists who questioned his results?

• Feed prisoners chickens that ate only unpolished rice.

• Provide the same number of prisoners with polished rice as with unpolished rice.

• Study other types of animals that had a disease similar to beriberi.

• Compare chickens that ate polished rice to prisoners who ate polished rice.

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What is the primary function of DNA in organisms?

• binds to specific active sites

• stores genetic information

• transports amino acids to the ribosomes

• produces chromosomes for sexual reproduction

Which piece of equipment is best for measuring the change in the mass of potato slices after placing them in different concentrations of salt water?

• beaker

• metric ruler

• graduated cylinder

• triple beam balance

Students conducted an investigation using Biuret reagent to determine the presence of proteins in different foods. The results are shown in the table below.

• Honey and Potato

• Potato and Chicken broth

• Cottage cheese and Water

• Cottage cheese and Yogurt

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Which best describes how enzymes function in the body?

• Enzymes are converted into products by the reactions they catalyze.

• Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions.

• One enzyme can catalyze many different reactions.

• An enzyme is used once and then destroyed by the cell.

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