Potential and Kinetic Energy

How does the law of conservation of energy apply to the changes in potential and kinetic energy of a pencil as it falls to the floor?

• Potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.

• Kinetic energy is converted into potential energy.

• Kinetic energy is created as potential energy is destroyed.

• Potential energy is created as potential energy is destroyed.

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Which example demonstrates the most kinetic energy?

• a beaver gnawing on a tree

• a deer jumping over a bush

• a jet ski at rest alongside a lake

• a tuft of grass growing on a hill

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Brian rides his bike down a hill without needing to use the pedals. Which sentence best describes the change in energy that is occurring?

• Kinetic energy is created from potential energy.

• Kinetic energy is being stored as potential energy.

• Potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy.

• Potential energy is being destroyed by kinetic energy.

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Which example best demonstrates kinetic energy?

• a person climbing a ladder

• a fully stretched rubber band

• a rock sitting at the edge of a cliff

• an acorn hanging from an oak tree

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Which statement best describes the energy changes taking place as the roller coaster moves from the bottom of one hill up to the top of the next hill?

• Both potential energy and kinetic energy increase.

• Both potential energy and kinetic energy decrease.

• Kinetic energy decreases and potential energy increases.

• Potential energy decreases and kinetic energy increases.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

How can an object be changed in order to increase its kinetic energy?

• by rolling it

• by cutting it

• by coloring it

• by freezing it

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Jerry tosses a ball into the air and watches it fall back to Earth. When does the ball only have potential energy?

• at its highest point

• as it leaves Jerry's hand

• just before it hits the ground

• halfway up to its highest point

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The wind transfers energy to turbines as it turns the turbine blades.

What type of energy do the turbine blades have while they are spinning?

• chemical energy

• elastic energy

• kinetic energy

• light energy

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Zach is conducting an experiment to observe which type of fertilizer will allow a plant to grow the tallest. He put three plants in identical pots and placed them in the same location. He watered the plants each day with the same amount of water. Next, Zach measured the plant growth and then recorded his observations.

Which of these is the control in Zach's experiment?

• the amount of growth of each plant

• the type of fertilizer used in each plant

• the amount of water given to each plan

• the pot of soil that does not contain fertilizer

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Jacob investigated the effect of ramp height on the speed of a toy car. He measured the distance each car traveled, in centimeters (cm), and the time it took, in seconds (s). He used this data to calculate speed. He used the same 10 gram (g) toy car for each test. His results are recorded in the table.

Which part of the experiment causes the speed of the toy car to change?

• ramp height

• time elapsed

• toy car weight

• distance traveled

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