ORGANIC & CHEMICAL EVOLUTION 4.1

One hypothesis of the endosymbiotic theory suggests that prokaryotes capable of photosynthesis crawled into larger cells and became

• chloroplasts

• mitochondria

• nuclei

• vesicles

Endosymbiotic theory states that chloroplasts and mitochondria were once what?

• Bacteria engulfed by larger cells

• Amino acids

• Large eukaryotes

• Algae

Miller and Urey tried to mimic the "organic soup" of the early Earth and create life, but they were only able to produce a few ______________.

• amino acids

• elements

• organelles

• cells

Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequence

• completely different DNA sequence

• no proteins in common

A chemical was added to hand sanitizers and dish detergents to kill bacteria. Certain species of bacteria are no longer killed by this chemical. One likely reason for the decreased effectiveness of this chemical is that these bacteria have

• slower metabolic rates

• a mutation for resistance

• been selectively bred for survival

• an adaptation to a different niche

Palentological evidences for evolution refer to the

• development of embryo

• homologous organs

• fossils

• analogous organ

What is embryology?

•          Adaptation.
• The study of fetus and embryo development, and fertilization.
•            Evolution.
•  The study of fossils.

Why is embryology evidence important?

• It shows that we are people.
• We can figure out why things evolved.
• So that we know how things evolved.
• It helps us understand that we are related to other creatures.

According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 

• Amphibians
• Ray finned fish
• Crocodiles
• Birds

According to this cladogram, birds are LEAST related to: 

• Amphibians
• Sharks
• Ray Finned Fish
• Crocodiles