IB Bio 5.2 - Natural Selection

What causes variation within a population?

• Fertilization and change in the environment

• Fertilization and mutation

• Mutation and evolution

• Evolution and adaptive radiation

A bacterial population with no resistance to an antibiotic may develop into a bacterial population with some resistance to an antibiotic. Which event could lead to this?

• Antibiotic resistance was inherited from an ancestral population.

• An antibiotic resistance plasmid is received from a bacterium in another population.

• The enzyme needed for antibiotic resistance is received from a bacterium in another population.

• The bacterial population mutated in response to antibiotics in the environment.

Lichens are returning to the forests of the industrial areas of the United Kingdom due to strict pollution control.

What is the expected outcome in the population of peppered moths (Biston betularia)?

• Increased numbers of light-coloured peppered moths

• Increased industrial melanism in peppered moths

• Increased predation of peppered moths

• Increased speciation of peppered moths

What is the major contributor to the increase in antibiotic resistance in bacteria?

• Natural selection

• Selective pressures

• Mutations

• New antibiotics

Which statement best describes overproduction of offspring?

• A - Species produce more offspring than the environment can support

• B - Creates a struggle for existence

• C - Generates competition

  for resources

• D - Not every individual

  obtains enough to survive

• All of the above

A yellow morph and green morph of an insect lives in the rainforest canopy. You would expect:

• the green population to increase and the yellow to decrease

• both populations should stay the same

• both populations will increase

• the green population to decrease and the yellow to increaseThis is a wrong answer

Survival of the Fittest and Evolution were proposed by what scientist?

• Charles Darwin
• Albert Einstein
• Steven Hawking
• Isaac Newton

Which organisms are most likely to survive?

• the best adapted
• the fastest
• the strongest
• the most domesticated (tamed)

Change over time

• Natural Selection
• Selective Breeding
• Homeostasis
• Evolution

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

• Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

• Because they come from dominant alleles.

• Because they come from recessive alleles.

• Because the organism knew it needed that trait, survives, and passes it on.