April 28: Cell Cycle and Cancer

Put the following stages of mitosis in order: anaphase, prophase, metaphase, and telophase. 

• prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
• prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
• prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
• prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase

What phase of mitosis is occurring here?

• Cytokinesis

• Interphase

• Anaphase

• Metaphase

What phase of mitosis is about to end because the cell is almost completely split into two separate cells?

• Cytokinesis

• Anaphase

• Telophase

• Prophase

The diagram shows cells in different phases of mitosis. A student is trying to find a cell in a particular phase of mitosis. The student is looking for evidence that spindle fibers are separating the chromosomes to ensure that each new nucleus has one copy of each chromosome. (View Image)

Which cell is in the phase of mitosis that the student is searching for?

• Cell 1

• Cell 2

• Cell 3

• Cell 4

The activities in the cell cycle occur during specific phases. In which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated so that two daughter cells can be produced during M phase?

• Mitosis

• G₁ phase

• G₂ phase

• S phase

Which table shows two steps of DNA replication?

• 
• 
• 
• 

This model of the cell cycle includes two arrows that each represent a process in the cycle. What do the two arrows represent?

• Arrow 1 represents prophase, and Arrow 2 represents interphase.

• Arrow 1 represents mitosis, and Arrow 2 represents meiosis.

• Arrow 1 represents interphase, and Arrow 2 represents mitosis.

• Arrow 1 represents meiosis, and Arrow 2 represents prophase.

Cells pass through a G2 checkpoint before entering mitosis. Ideally, if DNA damage is detected, the cells do not enter mitosis until the damage is repaired. Why is DNA damage repaired before cells enter mitosis?

• So that another round of DNA synthesis does not have to take place

• So that the chromosomes can align at the metaphase plate during mitosis

• So that the cytoplasm can be divided equally between the two daughter cells

• So that healthy daughter cells are produced, allowing the organism to continue growing

The karyotype, or chromosomal profile, for humans is shown. A karyotype can be used to investigate genetic disorders.

The chemical colchicine is used in the production of karyotypes. Colchicine prevents spindle fibers from forming during the cell cycle.

What is a result of preventing spindle fibers from forming?

• The cell cycle skips G₁ phase and repeats G₀ phase.

• Mitotic division is skipped, and the cell cycle proceeds to cytokinesis.

• Mitotic division stops in metaphase and cannot proceed to anaphase.

• The cell cycle skips S phase and proceeds to G₂ phase.

Atherosclerosis is a disease that obstructs blood flow and, therefore, oxygen supply to target organs. A major component of atherosclerosis is the excessive reproduction of smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels. Certain drugs may have the potential to reverse or prevent the unregulated reproduction of the diseased blood-vessel cells. Which of these processes is the most likely target of these drugs?

• Cell division

• Erythroblast differentiation

• DNA transcription

• Cellular respiration