Topic 3: Land Empires (1450-1750)

The changes depicted in Map 1 were mostly a result of which of the following?

• The decline of surrounding empires and the Ottoman Empire’s use of gunpowder weapons

• The Ottoman alliance with France against rival Christian powers

• The Ottoman Empire’s unrivaled naval superiority in the Mediterranean

• The power vacuum left by the collapse of the Umayyad caliphate

Which of the following was the primary Ottoman response to the change depicted in Map 2?

• Attempts to convert the empire’s non-Muslim population to Islam

• Efforts to transform the empire into a parliamentary democracy

• Attempt to reconcile Islamic law with Marxist ideals

• Efforts to reform the government despite considerable internal opposition

Which of the following was an important continuity in the global economy from 1500 C.E. to 1700 C.E.?

• Reliance on coerced labor systems declined.

• Muslim merchants controlled most major trade routes.

• Asian societies produced most of the world’s manufactured goods.

• Most goods were exchanged using overland trade routes.

Which of the following best supports the conclusion that after 1450 C.E. interactions between the hemispheres created syncretic systems of religious belief?

• Amerindian groups in the American Southwest converted to Catholicism after Spanish missionaries arrived.

• A Peruvian native wrote a letter to the king of Spain asking for his protection from Spanish diseases.

• An eighteenth-century African American poet and slave remembered little of her native religion, despite having been born in Senegal.

• Northern Mexican peasants referred to the Christian saint Mary as Tonantzin, which was the name of a local deity.

Which of the following was NOT a "Gunpowder" Empire during the 1450-1700 time period?

• Safavid Empire

• Ottoman Empire

• British Empire

• Mughal Empire

The Ottoman army included 30,000 elite soldiers called ________ who were slaves that were trained to be loyal to the government.

• Janissaries

• Jizyas

• Slavs

• Dhimmis

Unlike the Ottomans, the Safavids were ___________ Muslims, meaning they believed there is a clear successor of Muhammed (his brother-in-law).

• Shi'a

• Sunni

• Abrahamic

• Slavic

The best example of Akbar’s tolerance was his creation of a new religion called the ___________, which blended ideas from a number of big religions (Islam, Hindu, Christianity).

• Absolute Religion

• New Religion

• Divine Faith

• Old Religion

Which of the following was NOT a reason for the fall/collapse of all 3 of the "gunpowder" empires?

• Decline of Silk Road

• Increase in food production leading to inflation

• Weak rulers leading to political instability

• External factors including invaders and European Rivals

Who was the chief minister in the Ottoman Empire who carried the main burdens of the state, and led meetings at council?

• sultans

• grand vizier

• pashas

• ulema