Unit 5 Ecology Test Review

An ecosystem is .....

• a large tract of land that includes many species

• a community and its surrounding nonliving environment.

• made up of individuals of the same species in the same place.

• grows exponentially unless a factor limits it.

Organisms which carry out the process of decomposition by breaking down dead or decaying organisms.

• Consumer
• Producer
• Decomposer
• Herbivore

In the graph to the right, what is the population of deer at the carrying capacity of the environment?

• 3

• 7

• 70

• 40

Which sentence summarizes the water cycle?

• As water moves through an ecosystem, its energy is lost between trophic levels.

• The water on earth changes forms as it moves from one reservoir to another.

• Water in the atmosphere must be converted to another chemical before animals can use it.

What is the water cycle?

• the 3 forms of water
• the movement of water on, above, or below the surface of the Earth
• when water melts
• when clouds form

The efficiency of energy transfer from a lower trophic level to the next highest level is roughly

• 1%
• 10%
• 100%
• 1000%

An organism that uses an outside source of energy (a chemical energy) like the sun to create energy-rich food molecules.

• Consumer

• Producer

• Decomposer

• Parasite

Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?

• A tornado
• A volcanic eruption
• A flood
• A drought

succession that occurs in an area where soil is already present

• ecological succession 
• primary succession 
• secondary succession
• pioneer speciles

How do organisms use nitrogen?

• Plants absorb nitrogen from the air in photosynthesis and add it to the sugars they produce.

• Certain bacteria living in the roots of plants convert nitrogen to a form plants can use, and animals obtain their nitrogen by eating those plants.

• Animals absorb nitrogen from the air they breathe and incorporate it into their tissues.

• Certain bacteria convert nitrogen to a form animals can use, and animals obtain their nitrogen by inhaling this nitrogen.