Hydrosphere EOG Review

Which best explains why all of the Earth’s freshwater is not available for human use?

• Most of Earth’s freshwater is only in lakes.

• Most of Earth’s freshwater is underground.

• Most of Earth’s freshwater is still in the water cycle.

• Most of Earth’s freshwater is frozen water.

Where is most of Earth’s freshwater located?

• in the clouds

• in the ice caps

• in the ocean

• in the ground

What effect does the water cycle have on the total amount of water on Earth?

• The total amount of water on Earth is constantly increasing.

• The total amount of water on Earth is constantly decreasing.

• The total amount of water on Earth remains relatively constant.

• The total amount of water on Earth changes due to periods of global warming and cooling.

Why is water from an aquifer more likely to be cleaner than water from other sources?

• because it forms where fresh and salt water meet

• because it receives water directly from precipitation

• because it rises to the surface near the ocean

• because pollutants are filtered by rock and soil deep within Earth

Which best describes the characteristics of a river basin?

• the land drained by a river and its tributaries

• the land formed when rivers create estuaries and marshes

• the land at the mouth of a river where water flows into the ocean

• the land formed as a result of a river flooding

How would a large increase in the salinity of an estuary most likely affect the ecosystem of the estuary?

• All organisms would die.

• All organisms would continue to live as they now do.

• The number of salt-tolerant organisms would increase, and the number of salt-intolerant organisms would decrease.

• The number of salt-intolerant organisms would increase, and the number of salt-tolerant organisms would decrease.

In which oceanic zone do clams and crabs survive by burrowing in the sand?

• oceanic

• intertidal

• deep ocean

• open ocean

Which will most likely result if there is increased upwelling in a coastal area?

• more aquatic life

• less nutrients in the water

• higher water temperatures

• fewer nitrates

How can upwellings improve fishing for ocean fishermen?

• They cause the ocean water to get warmer.

• They cause ocean currents to remain calm.

• They bring nutrients from the cold, deep ocean waters.

• They bring ocean currents from the equator.

Which factors can have the greatest effect on the health of a river system?

• type of soil and salinity

• nitrate levels and turbidity

• human consumption and pH

• natural disasters and tidal changes