Biology I-2: Ch. 18 Test

In biology, a trait that arose in an ancestor and is passed along to its descendants is referred to as a

• taxonomic group.

• derived character.

• taxonomic group.

• physical similarity.

In an evolutionary classification scheme, species within one genus should

• be more closely related to one another than they are to species in other genera.

• be less closely related to one another than they are to species in other genera.

• be limited to species that can interbreed.

• have identical genes.

Each node on a cladogram represents

• the point at which one or more species became extinct.

• the most recent point at which a trait was lost in a certain clade.

• the last point at which two groups shared a common ancestor.

• the point at which two clades joined and became monophyletic.

All organisms in the kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia are

• eukaryotes.

• prokaryotes.

• photosynthetic organisms.

• multicellular organisms.

The domain that contains unicellular organisms that live in extreme environments is

• Bacteria.

• Archaea.

• Eukarya.

• Eubacteria.

One goal of scientists is to assign every organism a universally accepted name according to the system known as

• cladistics.

• the three domains.

• traditional classification.

• binomial nomenclature.

For many species, there are often regional differences in their

• common names.

• scientific names.

• taxa.

• binomial nomenclature.

Animals that are warm-blooded, have body hair, and produce milk for their young are grouped in the class

• Amphibia.

• Aves.

• Mammalia.

• Reptilia.

What cell structures in eukaryotic cells contain DNA that can be used to determine evolutionary relationships?

• nuclei and mitochondria

• nuclei and microfilaments

• nuclei and cytoplasm

• nuclei and vacuoles

In Linnaeus's time, all living things were grouped into two kingdoms. Later, there were five kingdoms, and now we have six kingdoms. What is the main reason for this increase in the number of kingdoms?

• As scientists learned more about genetics and biochemistry, some organisms were moved out of existing kingdoms and into new ones.

• Since the time of Linnaeus, many new organisms have evolved, and most of them don't fit into the original kingdom.

• Scientists have discovered organisms that were previously unknown, so new kingdoms had to be created for them.

• Kingdom Plantae had to be split up into several kingdoms when scientists found that not all plants can photosynthesize.