Thermodynamics and PV diagrams

For the process X→Y, ΔU is greater than zero and

• Q<0 and W = 0

• Q<0 and W>0

• Q>0 and W<0

• Q>0 and W=0

• Q>0 and W>0

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

For the process Y→Z, Q is greater than zero and

• W<0 and ΔU=0

• W=0 and ΔU<0

• W=0 and ΔU>0

• W >0 and ΔU=0

• W>0 and ΔU>0

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process as shown on the graph above of pressure P versus volume V.

During which process is no work done on or by the gas?

• AB

• BC

• CD

• DE

• EA

An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process as shown on the graph above of pressure P versus volume V.

At which point is the gas at its highest temperature?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

A certain quantity of an ideal gas initially at temperature T₀, pressure p₀, and volume V₀ is compressed to one-half its initial volume. As shown above, the process may be adiabatic (process 1), isothermal (process 2), or isobaric (process 3).

Which of the following is true of the mechanical work done on the gas?

• It is greatest for process 1.

• It is greatest for process 3.

• It is the same for processes 1 and 2 and less for process 3.

• It is the same for processes 2 and 3 and less for process 1.

• It is the same for all three processes.

A certain quantity of an ideal gas initially at temperature T₀, pressure p₀, and volume V₀ is compressed to one-half its initial volume. As shown above, the process may be adiabatic (process 1), isothermal (process 2), or isobaric (process 3).

Which of the following is true of the final temperature of this gas?

• It is greatest for process 1.

• It is greatest for process 2.

• It is greatest for process 3.

• It is the same for processes 1 and 2.

• It is the same for processes 1 and 3.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

A gas is taken from state i to state f along the two-step process shown in the PV diagram above.

How much work is done on the gas during the process described?

• 0 J

• 2,000 J

• 4,000 J

• 8,000 J

• 16,000 J

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

A gas is taken from state i to state f along the two-step process shown in the PV diagram above.

What is the ratio Tf / Ti of the temperature of state f to the temperature of state i?

• 1

• 4/3

• 3/2

• 2

• 4

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

A monatomic ideal gas is initially in state A, as shown in the PV diagram above. The gas undergoes a transition from state A by the three different processes shown, where process III is isothermal.

Positive work is performed on the gas in which of the following processes?

• I only

• III only

• I and II only

• II and III only

• I, II, and III

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

A monatomic ideal gas is initially in state A, as shown in the PV diagram above. The gas undergoes a transition from state A by the three different processes shown, where process III is isothermal.

Energy is added to the gas by heating in which ofthe following processes?

• I only

• III only

• I and II only

• II and III only

• I, II, and III

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

NGSS.HS-PS3-4