GA Milestones- Earth Science

Deposition of sediments can change the depth of a lake over time. A student wants to make a model

that shows how this process takes place.

Which model would provide data about changes in the depth of a lake caused by deposition?

• Fill a beaker with water. Slowly allow the water to evaporate from the beaker. Measure the change in

  the depth of the water.

• Fill a beaker with water. Slowly drop sand, gravel, and dead plant material into the beaker. Measure

  the change in the depth of the water.

• Fill a plastic box with water. Put a hose in the water on one end of the box and turn the water on to a

  slow flow. Measure the depth of the water when the box is full.

• Fill a plastic box with sand, gravel, and dead plant material. Put a hose in the middle of the box and

  turn the water on to a slow flow. Measure the depth of the water when the box is full.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

• The student’s claim is correct; the evidence in the picture shows that both valleys were formed by the

  constructive force of deposition because flowing water carries large rocks from far away and drops

  them along a river, making the banks taller.

• The student’s claim is correct; the evidence in the picture shows that both valleys were formed by the

  destructive forces of weathering and erosion because flowing water breaks down rock and carries the

  small pieces downstream.

• The student’s claim is not correct; the evidence in the picture shows that valley 1 was formed by the

  destructive forces of weathering and erosion because flowing water breaks down rock and carries the

  small pieces downstream, but valley 2 was formed by the constructive force of deposition because

  flowing water carries large rocks from far away and drops them along a river, making the banks taller.

• The student’s claim is not correct; the evidence in the picture shows that valley 1 was formed by

  the constructive force of deposition because flowing water carries large rocks from far away and

  drops them along a river, making the banks taller, but valley 2 was formed by the destructive forces

  of weathering and erosion because flowing water breaks down rock and carries the small pieces

  downstream.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The changes in the Azure Window were cause by the _____ process of _____.

• destructive process of erosion

• destructive process of deposition

• constructive process of erosion

• constructive process of deposition

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

• The student’s claim is correct because water fills small cracks in rocks, freezes, and expands, making the cracks larger over time.

• The student’s claim is correct because the rock was carried from the top of the volcano to its base by a glacier, creating many cracks over time.

• The student’s claim is not correct because the rock was picked up by moving water and rolled against

  other rocks, smoothing its surface and causing cracks in a short period of time.

• The student’s claim is not correct because large cracks in rocks are caused when lava from a volcano

  covers the rock so its temperature rises and falls in a short period of time, causing it to break.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

• How fast are the cliffs eroding?

• How many people live near cliffs?

• How old are rock layers at the bottom of the cliff?

• How can people stop the erosion of cliffs near the coast?

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Based on the picture, which steps would produce the BEST model of how the Himalayas formed over

time?

• step 1: Label one cardboard box as the Eurasian Plate.

  step 2: Label another cardboard box as the Indian Plate.

  step 3: Slowly push both plates toward each other.

  step 4: Observe and record how the sizes of both plates change when the edges push

  against each other.

• step 1: Use light-colored clay to make the shape of the Eurasian Plate.

  step 2: Use dark-colored clay to make the shape of the Indian Plate.

  step 3: Slowly push the dark-colored plate toward the light-colored plate.

  step 4: Observe and record how the shapes of both plates change when the edges push

  against each other.

• step 1: Use light-colored clay to make the shape of the Eurasian Plate.

  step 2: Use dark-colored clay to make the shape of the Indian Plate.

  step 3: Slowly push the light-colored plate toward the dark-colored plate.

  step 4: Observe and record how the shape of the Eurasian Plate changes when it

  touches the edge of the Indian Plate.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-4

A student is studying the formation of the Himalayas. The student finds a picture and learns that the mountain range formed when the Indian Plate collided with the Eurasian Plate. The student uses a picture to design a model that will show classmates how the Himalayas formed.

step 1: Use light-colored clay to make the shape of the Eurasian Plate.

step 2: Use dark-colored clay to make the shape of the Indian Plate.

step 3: Slowly push the dark-colored plate toward the light-colored plate.

step 4: Observe and record how the shapes of both plates change when the edges push against each other.

Which data could the student collect using the BEST model from the steps?

• the changing distance between the two plates

• the time it takes for the two plates to collide

• the mass of the materials used to make the two plates

• the changing height of the edge where the two plates collide

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

How is the following part of a river formed?

Part of the River: Channel

Process: ________ Process Type: ______

• Process: erosion Process Type: destructive

• Process: erosion Process Type: constructive

• Process: deposition Process Type: destructive

• Process: deposition Process Type: constructive

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

How is the following part of a river formed?

Part of the River: Bank

Process: ________ Process Type: ______

• Process: erosion Process Type: destructive

• Process: erosion Process Type: constructive

• Process: deposition Process Type: destructive

• Process: deposition Process Type: constructive

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Earthquakes and volcanoes can both happen underwater. When earthquakes happen underwater, they can

cause________.

• Earthquakes

• Volcanoes

• Tsunamis

• Landslides

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2